Safe Reinforcement Learning for Grid-forming Inverter Based Frequency Regulation with Stability Guarantee

This study investigates a safe reinforcement learning algorithm for grid-forming (GFM) inverter based frequency regulation. To guarantee the stability of the inverter-based resource (IBR) system under the learned control policy, a model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) algorithm is combined with Lyapunov approach, which determines the safe region of states and actions. To obtain near optimal control policy, the control performance is safely improved by approximate dynamic programming (ADP) using data sampled from the region of attraction (ROA). Moreover, to enhance the control robustness against parameter uncertainty in the inverter, a Gaussian process (GP) model is adopted by the proposed algorithm to effectively learn system dynamics from measurements. Numerical simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.