雪莲棉提取物减少炎症通过逆转炎症细胞因子水平在体外和体内

Q3 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics

Phytomedicine Plus Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100709

Kalyani Jatoth, Pawan Kumar Anoor, Ramesh Kande, Sandeepta Burgula

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：雪莲（sausurea gossypiphora D. Don）。（SGD）是一种在喜马拉雅地区高海拔地区发现的草药，具有巨大的药用价值。方法采用1,1-二苯基-2-苦味酰肼法测定了雪莲花甲醇提取物的抗氧化活性。气相色谱质谱分析显示其含有多种生物活性成分。采用卡拉胶对雄性Wistar大鼠右后足水肿的抗炎作用进行了评价。通过ELISA检测IL-1β、TNF-α，免疫印迹检测THP1细胞NLRP3和Caspase 1，研究MESGD对炎症小体通路的影响。最后，对LPS处理的RAW 264.7细胞进行一氧化氮合成评估，以确认MESGD的抗炎活性。结果MESGD的GC-MS分析显示其含有螺己烷-1-羧酸、乙酯等多种生物活性成分；1-Methyl-1-n-decycloxy-1-silacyclobutane;1,2,4 -三恶烷-2-辛酸5-辛基甲酯；DPPH实验显示，在25 - 1000µg/mL浓度范围内，DPPH对自由基的抑制率为40 - 95.66%，与抗坏血酸相当。MESGD预处理的细胞中，经脂多糖处理的RAW 264.7细胞中NO的含量降低。经MESGD预处理的THP-1巨噬细胞经LPS处理后，通过抑制NLRP3介导的炎性小体通路显著抑制促炎细胞因子，特别是TNF-α和IL-1β。角叉菜胶诱导的Wistar大鼠足部水肿，口服MESGD后3 h内足部水肿和体积明显减少，表明MESGD具有明显的抗炎作用。与标准抗炎药吲哚美辛相比，MESGD治疗大鼠的副作用最小，如肝损伤，血红蛋白，血小板和白细胞计数增加。结论mesgd具有明显的抗炎活性。这种活性似乎是通过MESGD抑制NO介导的，也通过抑制NLRP3介导的炎性小体途径导致炎症细胞因子IL-1β和TNF-α的抑制。这些结果验证了传统的断言，并为SGD的药理学应用提供了有价值的见解。利用SGD设计天然抗炎复方凝胶/软膏的配方需要进一步研究。

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Saussurea gossypiphora extracts reduce inflammation by reversing inflammatory cytokine levels in in-vitro and in-vivo

Background

Saussurea gossypiphora D. Don. (SGD) is a medicinal herb found at high altitudes in Himalayan region and has immense medicinal value. This study reports the analysis of biological activity of methanolic extracts of flowers of SGD .

Methods

The antioxidant activities of Methanolic extracts of flowers of Saussurea gossypiphora (MESGD) were examined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometric investigation revealed the presence of various bio-active constituents. Carrageenan was used to assess the anti-Inflammatory activity in the right hind paw edema of male Wistar rats. Effect of MESGD on inflammasome pathway was studied by performing ELISA for IL-1β, TNF-α and confirmed by immunoblotting for NLRP3 and Caspase 1 in THP1 cells. Finally, RAW 264.7 cells treated with LPS were assessed for the synthesis of Nitric Oxide to confirm anti-inflammatory activity of MESGD.

Results

The analysis of GC–MS of MESGD revealed the presence of various bio-active components such as Spirohexane-1-Carboxylic acid, ethyl ester; 1-Methyl-1-n-decycloxy-1-silacyclobutane; 1, 2, 4-Trioxolane-2-octanoic acid, 5-octyl, methyl ester; DPPH assay showed inhibition of free radicals by 40 - 95.66 % in the range of 25 – 1000 µg/mL concentrations, comparable with Ascorbic acid. The amount of NO in Lipopolysaccharide treated RAW 264.7 cells was decreased in MESGD pre-treated cells. LPS treated THP-1 macrophages pre-treated with MESGD showed significant suppression of pro-Inflammatory cytokines, specifically TNF-α and IL-1β via suppression of NLRP3 mediated inflammasome pathway. Wistar rats upon carrageenan induced paw edema showed significant reduction in paw edema and volume upon oral administration of MESGD within 3 h, indicating its significant anti-inflammatory activity. Rats treated with MESGD showed minimum side effects such as liver damage, hemoglobin, platelet and WBC count were increased when compared with animals treated with standard anti-inflammatory drug Indomethacin.

Conclusion

MESGD showed significant anti-inflammatory activity. This activity seems to be mediated by the suppression of NO by MESGD and also via suppression of NLRP3 mediated inflammasome pathway leading to suppression of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α. These results validate traditional assertions and offer valuable insights for the pharmacological applications of SGD. Further research is needed for devising formulation of natural anti-inflammatory compound based gels/ointments utilizing SGD.

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