重新考虑斯里兰卡的Vaddas:生物和文化的连续性,以及误解

Wijerathne Bohingamuwa , Kalangi Rodrigo , Harendralal Namalgamuwa
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摘要

本文旨在重新审视与斯里兰卡瓦达族有关的重要学术著作,以探索该社区的现有研究。尽管取得了相当大的进展,但关于他们的起源、与史前人口的联系、与当代种族群体的关系以及岛上不同瓦达社区之间的相互关系,误解和不确定性仍然存在。此外,关于Vadda骨骼遗骸的真实性和考古样本的充分性仍然存在不确定性,这些样本经常受到破碎和不完整的影响。正是这个考古样本被用来得出关于中石器时代人口或Balangoda人(balangodensis智人)与Vaddas人和岛上的现代人口的文化和生物连续性的结论,因此可能会扭曲解释。同样,这项研究强调了对从居住在不同生态区、从事不同谋生方式的不同Vadda氏族收集的现代样本的代表性的关注,这可能会扭曲先前研究的结论。在这项研究中,新的民族考古学数据被用来检验一些关于Warugas(氏族)的普遍误解,以及将Wanniyalaetto作为Vaddas的同义词的使用。鉴于瓦达人的快速文化适应,迫切需要对瓦达人社区进行持续的跨学科调查,包括不同的瓦鲁加人和地理区域,以确保更好地了解他们的社会文化动态,并加强对其进化途径的了解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Reconsidering the Vaddas of Sri Lanka: Biological and cultural continuity, and misconceptions
This paper aims to re-examine key scholarly works pertaining to the Sri Lankan Vadda, an indigenous community of the island, in order to explore extant research of the said community. Despite considerable progress, lingering misunderstandings and uncertainties persist regarding their origins, connections to prehistoric populations, affiliations with contemporary ethnic groups, and the interrelationships among different Vadda communities across the island. Furthermore, uncertainties persist regarding the authenticity of Vadda skeletal remains and the adequacy of archaeological samples, which often suffer from fragmentation and incompleteness. It is this archaeological sample that has been used to draw conclusions about the cultural and biological continuity of the Mesolithic population or the Balangoda man (Homo sapiens balangodensis) with the Vaddas and the modern populations of the island, thus perhaps distorting interpretations. Similarly, this study underscores concerns regarding the representation of modern samples collected from diverse Vadda clans inhabiting various ecological zones and engaging in different subsistence practices, potentially skewing the conclusions of preceding research. In this study, fresh ethnoarchaeological data are used to examine some misconceptions prevailing about the Warugas (clans) as well as the use of the term Wanniyalaetto as a synonym for Vaddas. Given the rapid acculturation of Vaddas, there is a pressing need for continued interdisciplinary investigations into the Vadda communities, encompassing different Warugas and geographic regions, to ensure a better understanding of their socio-cultural dynamics with the aim of enhanced insight into their evolutionary pathways.
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