玻利维亚Potosí高地的早期人类觅食古生态

José M. Capriles , Juan Albarracin-Jordan , Sergio Calla Maldonado , Claudia Rivera Casanovas
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引用次数: 0

摘要

几个世纪以来,位于南美洲安第斯山脉Potosí的塞罗里科一直被认为是世界上最丰富的银矿,但由于其极端的海拔,它也是一个众所周知的挑战人类居住的地方。然而,人们对该地区最初占领的时间深度和社会生态动态知之甚少。本文对Potosí和安第斯山脉中南部东部最早的人类活动进行了考古和古生态评价。在两个相邻地区进行的系统调查,加上测试挖掘、人工制品分析和放射性碳定年,揭示了可追溯到全新世早期的觅食职业以及全新世晚期的农牧社区的证据。当地的古环境记录表明,湿度增加的时期可能促进了生态生产力,从而刺激了在这一高海拔地区的定居。这些职业的性质和相关的技术组织与在干旱的安第斯山脉其他地方的发现是一致的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Early human foraging paleoecology in the highlands of Potosí, Bolivia
For centuries the Cerro Rico of Potosí in the South American Andes has been known as the richest silver mine in the world but also as a notoriously challenging place for human habitation due to its extreme elevation. Nevertheless, little is known about the temporal depth and socioecological dynamics associated with the initial occupation of this region. In this paper, we present an archaeological and paleoecological assessment of the earliest human peopling of Potosí and the eastern south-central Andes. Systematic surveys in two neighboring regions complemented by test excavations, artifact analysis, and radiocarbon dating revealed evidence of foraging occupations dating to the Early Holocene as well as by agropastoralist communities during the Late Holocene. Local paleoenvironmental records suggest that periods of increased humidity might have fostered ecological productivity that incentivized settlement in this high elevation setting. The nature of the occupations and associated technological organization is consistent with findings from sites elsewhere in the arid Andes.
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