A comprehensive review on selenium and blood pressure: Recent advances and research perspectives

Background

Globally, approximately 31.1 % of adults are affected by hypertension(HTN), and there is currently no effective treatment for this condition. Selenium (Se), an essential trace element in the human body, has been shown to play a role in various biological processes, including anti-inflammation, antioxidative stress, anti-ferroptosis, and regulation of immune response. Research suggests that Se may have potential hypotensive effects.

Objective

This review aims to comprehensively investigate the relationship between Se and blood pressure(BP), elucidate the mechanisms through which Se influences BP, and explore its prospective applications in clinical practice.

Methods

We conducted a systematic search on PubMed for a thorough review of articles concerning the relationship between Se and BP, as well as the mechanisms by which Se may lower BP.

Results and Conclusions

Although some findings indicate that Se might increase BP, its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-vascular remodeling, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-ferroptosis, and regulation of immune response effects suggest that maintaining an appropriate level of Se may contribute to BP reduction and possibly lower the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension(PIH). While Se shows promise in the management of HTN, further exploration is necessary for its development. Future studies should clarify the mechanisms involved and identify relevant targets through clinical research, which may provide adjunctive therapies for HTN.