Preyssler heteropolyacid-mediated direct deprotection/N-benzoylation of N-Boc-protected sulfonamides: synthesis, molecular docking, DFT study and in-silico ADME evaluation of novel benzamides bearing the sulfonamide moiety as possible inhibitors of human carbonic anhydrase II

An adequate method is described for the synthesis of new substituted benzamides containing a sulfonamide moiety using Preyssler heteropolyacid H₁₄[NaP₅W₃₀O₁₁₀] as an efficient catalyst. This method proceeds in one-step, including deprotection and benzoylation of N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl) sulfonamides to give the target compounds good yields (up to 92%). A molecular docking was performed to study the interactions between the synthesized benzamides and human carbonic anhydrases II. It was concluded that all compounds demonstrated good binding score values (up to −9.4 kcal/mol) for the active site of all selected proteins when compared with the reference drug Acetazolamide (−6.3 kcal/mol). In addition, the ADME/T analyses show that all synthesized molecules exhibited good pharmacokinetics and bioavailability. The theoretical calculations for all compounds were performed using the DFT/B3LYP/6–31G (d,p) level of theory. The study yielded optimized structural parameters, global reactivity descriptors, and Frontier Molecular Orbitals (FMO’s).