Foliar nano Zn-Mo and chlorine dioxide affects use efficiency and distribution of macronutrients in green bean plants

Climate change affects production conditions and reduces agricultural crop yields. However, the application of micronutrients such as chlorine (Cl^–), zinc (Zn) and molybdenum (Mo) incorporated with emerging technologies such as nanotechnology and gas-based products can be an alternative to increase food production. Although the benefits of the application of foliar micronutrients such as chlorine, zinc and molybdenum have been reported previously, there is still scarce literature on the use of nanofertilizers based on zinc and molybdenum and chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) on growth, yield, accumulation, distribution and nutrient use efficiency parameters in the different organs of green bean plants. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of nano Zn-Mo (4 ppm) and ClO₂ (30 ppm) on biomass, yield, concentration, distribution and use efficiency of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sodium (Na), in green bean plants cv. Strike. The application of Nano Zn-Mo increased yield and accumulation of N, P and K, as well as improved nutrient use efficiency. On the other hand, the use of ClO₂ allowed greater accumulation of aerial and root biomass, as well as a higher concentration of Ca and Mg in leaf tissue.