形式意味着功能吗?通过从印度Karanpura和Ropar的Harappan遗址中吸收的陶瓷残留物来了解陶器的功能

Ahana Ghosh , V.N. Prabhakar , Eleanora .A. Reber , Helna Liston , Sivapriya Kirubakaran , Sreelakshmi K.S. , Umesh Talekar , Mukesh Bhardwaj , Abhay Vishwakarma , Sharada Channarayapatna
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引用次数: 0

摘要

哈拉帕文化出现在印度河-萨拉斯瓦蒂地区,其遗址在公元前2600年至1900年间分布在今天的印度西北部、古吉拉特邦、巴基斯坦和阿富汗。哈拉帕遗址发现了大量的结构和物质文化发现,以及各种各样的陶器组合,这清楚地表明,它是一个重要而复杂的城市社会,在700多年的时间里,它在广阔的地区延伸。各种学者对哈拉帕陶器进行了深入研究,为其制造者和使用者在文化存在期间的社会文化经济发展提供了宝贵的见解。目前的研究直接科学地确定了在印度拉贾斯坦邦的Karanpura和旁遮普的Ropar出土的15块哈拉帕遗址的功能。除了像烹饪锅这样的常见形式外,这项研究还探索了一些独特的形式,比如穿孔罐和切割陶器。这些样品是在大多数定居点发现的典型哈拉帕陶器类型,无论是在居住环境还是在埋葬环境中。有趣的是,墓葬中的穿孔罐总是与宽口罐联系在一起。将这两种容器类型联系在一起是哈拉帕和卡利班甘等其他地点哈拉帕人墓葬的特征。以往对哈拉帕陶瓷类型的研究主要集中在其类型和形态属性上,有时通过民族志类比来证实。直到最近,只有少数试点研究采用有机残留物分析技术,通过评估其多孔基质(边缘,主体和基础)中吸收的脂质来检查陶器形态与其可能功能之间的关系。从方法学的角度来看,本研究考察了样品碎片中保存的脂质类型和数量,孔隙度对残留物保存的潜在影响,以及可能影响这些脂质的污染物的解释。这项研究的重点是研究容器的功能,通过残留物分析直接科学地确定容器内容物,而不是仅仅基于挖掘定居点中发现的传统形式的陶瓷研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Does form entail function? Understanding pottery functionalities through absorbed residues within ceramics from the Harappan sites of Karanpura and Ropar in India
The Harappan Culture emerged in the Indus-Saraswati Region, with sites spreading over present-day northwest India, Gujarat, Pakistan, and Afghanistan between 2600 and 1900 BCE. Harappan sites have yielded extensive structural and material culture discoveries and diverse pottery assemblages, making it clear that it was an important and complex urban society extending over a wide area for more than 700 years. Harappan pottery, well-studied by various scholars, offers valuable insights into the socio-cultural-economic developments of its manufacturers and users during the culture’s existence. The current research directly determines the function of 15 potsherds scientifically from excavated Harappan sites of Karanpura and Ropar in Rajasthan and Punjab, respectively, in India. Besides the usual forms like cooking pots, the study explores unique ones like perforated jars and incised pottery. The samples are typical Harappan pottery types found in most settlements, both in habitation and burial contexts. Interestingly, perforated jars in burials are always associated with a wide-mouthed pot. The inclusion of these two vessel types in association is characteristic of the Harappan burials at other sites like Harappa and Kalibangan. The previous studies on Harappan ceramic types have mainly focused on their typological and morphological attributes, sometimes substantiated through ethnographic analogies. Until recently, only a few pilot studies employed organic residue analysis techniques to examine the relationship between the pottery forms and their possible functions by evaluating the lipids absorbed within their porous matrices (rim, body, and base). From the methodological perspective, this research examines the type and amount of lipids preserved within the sampled sherds, the potential effect of porosity on residue preservation, and possible contaminants affecting the interpretation of these lipids. This study focuses on studying the function of vessels using the direct scientific determination of vessel contents through residue analysis, moving away from ceramic research grounded solely on conventional forms found in the excavated settlements.
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