Unlocking the biological insights of 3D printed aligners: A look at current findings

Direct Printing and Direct Printed Aligners (DPAs) are poised to revolutionize contemporary orthodontics and aligner therapy. DPAs made from Graphy's resin (Tera Harz TC-85, Graphy Inc, Seoul, Korea) are currently the only ones being CE and KFDA certified as well as FDA approved. The use of DPAs entails several advantages including increased efficiency of tooth movements due to customized pressure points or zones, a better fit and precision of the clear aligners as well as the ability to produce a wide range of different removable orthodontic appliances in-office. However, biocompatibility and thus safe use is dependent on strict adherence to the production guidelines given by the manufacturers. Alterations to the delicate manufacturing process, involving multiple production as well as post-curing steps, may lead to undesired side effects such as allergic reactions which can be as severe as an anaphylactic reaction. In particular, the vast variety of possible custom-design DPAs poses the risk of exposing patients to cytotoxic materials. Therefore, more research is needed to guarantee patients biological safe use. The latter must also be an orthodontist's major responsibility, particularly when treating children as well as adolescent patients who are still in their developmental stages.