家畜的比较表观遗传学:关注DNA可及性及其对基因调控和性状的影响。

IF 1.5 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Jeong-Woon Lee, Je-Yoel Cho
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引用次数: 0

摘要

重要性:染色质可及性对基因调控至关重要,它决定了dna结合蛋白进入基因组区域并驱动转录活性的能力,反映了环境变化。尽管人类和小鼠的研究已经提高了对染色质动力学的理解,但家畜在农业和兽医领域的重要性仍然相对不足。研究这些物种中染色质的可及性对于提高生产力、抗病性和环境适应性等性状至关重要。本文综述了家畜染色质可及性的研究现状,强调了其在认识和改善家畜性状方面的重要意义。本综述概述了在家养动物中染色质可及性的研究,重点是关键的发育过程、组织特异性调控和经济上重要的性状。技术的进步,如利用测序技术测定转座酶可及的染色质,使调控元件的详细图谱成为可能,揭示了诸如肌肉发育和生产力等性状的表观遗传调控。比较研究已经在多个物种中发现了保守的和物种特异性的顺式调控元件。这些发现为加强育种策略和动物管理的监管机制提供了见解。此外,高通量技术,如单细胞分析和深度学习模型,已经推进了对较少研究物种的染色质可及性的研究。结论及意义:染色质可及性在家畜的基因调控中起着至关重要的作用,影响着发育、免疫反应和生产力。尽管取得了进展,但需要更全面的表观基因组数据集和跨物种分析工具来利用家畜研究中的染色质可及性。了解这些机制在改善牲畜性状、推进育种计划和开发抗病动物方面具有实际应用价值,突出了整合表观遗传学和基因组工具对提高动物健康和生产力的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Comparative epigenetics of domestic animals: focusing on DNA accessibility and its impact on gene regulation and traits.

Importance: Chromatin accessibility is vital for gene regulation, determining the ability of DNA-binding proteins to access the genomic regions and drive transcriptional activity, reflecting environmental changes. Although human and murine studies have advanced the understanding of chromatin dynamics, domestic animals remain comparatively underexplored despite their importance in agriculture and veterinary medicine. Investigating the accessibility of chromatin in these species is crucial for improving traits such as productivity, disease resistance, and environmental adaptation. This review assessed chromatin accessibility research in domestic animals, highlighting its significance in understanding and improving livestock traits.

Observations: This review outlines chromatin accessibility research in domestic animals, focusing on critical developmental processes, tissue-specific regulation, and economically significant traits. Advances in techniques, such as Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing, have enabled detailed mapping of regulatory elements, shedding light on epigenetic regulation of traits, such as muscle development and productivity. Comparative studies have uncovered conserved and species-specific cis-regulatory elements across multiple species. These findings offer insights into regulatory mechanisms that can enhance breeding strategies and animal management. In addition, high-throughput techniques, such as single-cell analysis and deep-learning models, have advanced the study of chromatin accessibility in lesser-studied species.

Conclusions and relevance: Chromatin accessibility is crucial in gene regulation in domestic animals, influencing development, immune response, and productivity. Despite the progress, more comprehensive epigenomic datasets and cross-species analytical tools are needed to harness chromatin accessibility in domestic animal research. Understanding these mechanisms has practical applications in improving livestock traits, advancing breeding programs, and developing disease-resistant animals, highlighting the importance of integrating epigenetic and genomic tools for enhancing animal health and productivity.

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来源期刊
Journal of Veterinary Science
Journal of Veterinary Science 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
5.60%
发文量
86
审稿时长
1.3 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Veterinary Science (J Vet Sci) is devoted to the advancement and dissemination of scientific knowledge concerning veterinary sciences and related academic disciplines. It is an international journal indexed in the Thomson Scientific Web of Science, SCI-EXPANDED, Sci Search, BIOSIS Previews, Biological Abstracts, Focus on: Veterinary Science & Medicine, Zoological Record, PubMed /MEDLINE, Index Medicus, Pubmed Central, CAB Abstracts / Index Veterinarius, EBSCO, AGRIS and AGRICOLA. This journal published in English by the Korean Society of Veterinary Science (KSVS) being distributed worldwide.
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