Autonomous Power Sources for Electric Vehicles and Their Charging Infrastructure

The development and integration of autonomous power sources (APSs) for electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure are essential for reducing dependency on centralized power grids and advancing sustainable transportation. This study presents a novel APS model that integrates hybrid inverters, photovoltaic (PV) panels, and battery storage to create a reliable, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly EV charging solution. The proposed system achieves a 30% increase in charging efficiency compared to traditional grid-dependent models. Furthermore, the APS model reduces operational costs by 40%–60% for EV fleet operators and demonstrates a potential CO₂ emissions reduction of 70%–90% by relying on renewable solar energy. The results highlight the APS's adaptability across various environmental conditions, making it suitable for deployment in both urban and remote areas. This work contributes to the field by providing a scalable and sustainable approach to EV charging that supports green urban infrastructure and promotes resilience in energy supply.