Construction of Fe3O4@Dop-Triazine-CuCl2 as a novel and green nanocatalyst for C–Se coupling reaction of heterocyclic compounds

In this research, we first fabricated Fe₃O₄@Dop-Triazine-CuCl2 nanocatalyst by simple method, then its catalytic activity was investigated in the preparation of various derivatives of aryl-heteroaryl and di-heteroaryl selenides through C–Se coupling reactions of aryl iodides with powder selenium and various derivatives of heterocyclic compounds (with active C–H bonds). The catalyst exhibited spherical morphology with a diameter of approximately 20–30 nm and a magnetic saturation moment of 50.032 emu/g. The hydrocarbon content was measured to be around 12% by weight. In this method, a wide range of aryl-heteroaryl and di-heteroaryl selenides (36 examples) were synthesized with high yields (85–97%) using catalytic amount of the Fe₃O₄@Dop-Triazine-CuCl2 nanomaterial in the presence of KHCO₃ in [BMIM]PF6 as solvent. This method has several remarkable features, which can be mentioned as follows: the synthesis of aryl-heteroaryl and di-heteroaryl selenide derivatives with high yields, performing the reactions in a suitable time (4 h), the applicability of this catalytic system for a wide range of substrates, the use of ionic liquid as solvent, high efficiency of Fe₃O₄@Dop-Triazine-CuCl₂ catalyst, simple separation and high reusability of nanocatalyst.