Study on the damage effect of hypervelocity bullets on sandstone and concrete at different inclination angles

The 30CrMnSiA projectile was utilized to conduct a secondary light gas gun penetration test on concrete and sandstone targets, achieving a speed of 2000 m/s. At the conclusion of the test, pixel data was gathered from the surface damage of the targets. Additionally, the ballistic morphology and penetration depth were assessed using silicone infusion. The damage observed on the targets was compared with numerical simulation results to confirm the validity of the simulation parameters. An analysis of the damage patterns at various angles was also performed. The findings revealed that at a tilt angle of 25°, both target materials exhibited peak surface damage, indicating that damage is most severe at this angle. As the tilt angle increased, the projectile began to create a deflection zone within the target, with the deflection effect becoming more pronounced. This suggests that altering the tilt angle can effectively cause the projectile to deflect. In the projectile to ultra-high speed impact on the target, the projectile will produce transient shock wave behavior. When examining the penetration time curves of two distinct materials at different angles, both materials display comparable transient shock wave behavior, suggesting that the transient shock wave effect during high-speed impacts is unaffected by variations in target material or tilt angle.