Cáncer de endometrio

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries and its incidence is increasing in Spain. There are modifiable lifestyle-related risk factors, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and estrogen exposure, as well as genetic factors, with Lynch syndrome being particularly significant. Traditionally, it was classified into two subtypes: endometrioid/type I and non-endometrioid/type II. However, it is now divided into four molecular subtypes with distinct prognoses: POLE mutation, microsatellite instability, TP53 mutation, and no specific molecular profile. The treatment depends on the stage of the disease. In early stages, surgery is curative. In advanced stages where surgery is feasible, it should be performed, but always combined with other adjuvant treatments (chemotherapy, radiotherapy). The new molecular classification allows for more targeted treatments in metastatic stages.