气候和物种相互作用在确定两种高度分离的小型哺乳动物物种随时间分布中的作用

IF 5.4 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Ecography Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI:10.1111/ecog.07556
Alexandra C. Coconis, Kenneth E. Nussear, Rebecca J. Rowe, Angela D. Hornsby, Marjorie D. Matocq
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引用次数: 0

摘要

长期以来,生态学家一直对决定物种分布的非生物和生物因素的相对重要性感兴趣,但由于缺乏空间和时间上可靠的发生记录,往往难以评估。此外,寻找潜在的高度竞争物种共同发生的地方可能具有挑战性,但将为了解竞争对物种范围的影响提供关键知识。利用大量的现代发生记录,我们建立了两种密切相关的小型哺乳动物(Neotoma)的物种分布模型,它们主要分布在美国大盆地沙漠的山坡上。我们将这些模型推迟到全新世中期,以比较每个物种对剧烈气候变化的反应,并使用古生物记录来验证我们的模型。模型结果表明,在中高海拔地区,沿选择的山脉存在物种共生现象。我们在单个山脉中进行了精细的实地调查,其中包含了大盆地海拔梯度中最广泛的调查数据集之一,从而证实了我们的模型结果。我们发现,尽管存在同系物,但实际分布与各自的非生物物种分布模型预测非常接近,这表明气候可能比竞争更有影响力,在单一山脉的尺度上塑造分布。我们的模型还预测了物种对历史气候变化的不同反应,导致物种在温暖和干燥气候条件下相互作用的可能性降低。我们的研究结果强调了在不同的空间尺度上从非生物变量和物种相互作用两方面考察物种分布的效用,以推断分布限制的机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

The role of climate and species interactions in determining the distribution of two elevationally segregated species of small mammals through time

The role of climate and species interactions in determining the distribution of two elevationally segregated species of small mammals through time

The relative importance of abiotic and biotic factors in determining species distributions has long been of interest to ecologists but is often difficult to assess due to the lack of spatially and temporally robust occurrence records. Furthermore, locating places where potentially highly competitive species co-occur may be challenging but would provide critical knowledge into the effects of competition on species ranges. We built species distribution models for two closely related species of small mammals (Neotoma) that are largely parapatric along mountainsides throughout the Great Basin Desert, USA using extensive modern occurrence records. We hindcasted these models to the mid-Holocene to compare the response of each species to dramatic climatic change and used paleontological records to validate our models. Model results showed species co-occurrence at mid-elevations along select mountain ranges in this region. We confirmed our model results with fine-scale field surveys in a single mountain range containing one of the most extensive survey datasets across an elevational gradient in the Great Basin. We found close alignment of realized distributions to the respective abiotic species distribution model predictions, despite the presence of the congener, indicating that climate may be more influential than competition in shaping distribution at the scale of a single mountain range. Our models also predict differential species responses to historic climate change, leading to reduced probability of species interactions during warmer and dryer climatic conditions. Our results emphasize the utility of examining species distributions with regard to both abiotic variables and species interactions and at various spatial scales to make inferences about the mechanisms underlying distributional limits.

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来源期刊
Ecography
Ecography 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
11.60
自引率
3.40%
发文量
122
审稿时长
8-16 weeks
期刊介绍: ECOGRAPHY publishes exciting, novel, and important articles that significantly advance understanding of ecological or biodiversity patterns in space or time. Papers focusing on conservation or restoration are welcomed, provided they are anchored in ecological theory and convey a general message that goes beyond a single case study. We encourage papers that seek advancing the field through the development and testing of theory or methodology, or by proposing new tools for analysis or interpretation of ecological phenomena. Manuscripts are expected to address general principles in ecology, though they may do so using a specific model system if they adequately frame the problem relative to a generalized ecological question or problem. Purely descriptive papers are considered only if breaking new ground and/or describing patterns seldom explored. Studies focused on a single species or single location are generally discouraged unless they make a significant contribution to advancing general theory or understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes. Manuscripts merely confirming or marginally extending results of previous work are unlikely to be considered in Ecography. Papers are judged by virtue of their originality, appeal to general interest, and their contribution to new developments in studies of spatial and temporal ecological patterns. There are no biases with regard to taxon, biome, or biogeographical area.
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