微塑料在死者大脑中的生物积累

IF 58.7 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Alexander J. Nihart, Marcus A. Garcia, Eliane El Hayek, Rui Liu, Marian Olewine, Josiah D. Kingston, Eliseo F. Castillo, Rama R. Gullapalli, Tamara Howard, Barry Bleske, Justin Scott, Jorge Gonzalez-Estrella, Jessica M. Gross, Michael Spilde, Natalie L. Adolphi, Daniel F. Gallego, Heather S. Jarrell, Gabrielle Dvorscak, Maria E. Zuluaga-Ruiz, Andrew B. West, Matthew J. Campen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

全球环境微塑料和纳米塑料(MNPs)浓度不断上升,引发了对人类接触和健康后果的担忧。对组织MNPs进行鲁棒检测的补充方法,包括热解气相色谱-质谱法、衰减全反射-傅里叶变换红外光谱和电子显微镜与能量色散光谱,证实了MNPs在人体肾脏、肝脏和大脑中的存在。这些器官中的MNPs主要由聚乙烯组成,其他聚合物的浓度较少但也很显著。与肝脏或肾脏中的塑料组成相比,脑组织中聚乙烯的比例更高,电子显微镜证实了分离的大脑MNPs的性质,它们主要以纳米级碎片状碎片的形式存在。这些死亡组织中的塑料浓度不受年龄、性别、种族/民族或死因的影响;死亡时间(2016年与2024年)是一个重要因素,肝脏和大脑样本中MNP浓度随时间增加(P = 0.01)。最后,在一组确诊为痴呆的死者大脑中观察到更多的MNPs积累,在脑血管壁和免疫细胞中有明显的沉积。这些结果突出表明,迫切需要更好地了解塑料在人体组织,特别是大脑中的接触途径、吸收途径和清除途径以及潜在的健康后果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Bioaccumulation of microplastics in decedent human brains

Bioaccumulation of microplastics in decedent human brains

Rising global concentrations of environmental microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) drive concerns for human exposure and health outcomes. Complementary methods for the robust detection of tissue MNPs, including pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy, confirm the presence of MNPs in human kidney, liver and brain. MNPs in these organs primarily consist of polyethylene, with lesser but significant concentrations of other polymers. Brain tissues harbor higher proportions of polyethylene compared to the composition of the plastics in liver or kidney, and electron microscopy verified the nature of the isolated brain MNPs, which present largely as nanoscale shard-like fragments. Plastic concentrations in these decedent tissues were not influenced by age, sex, race/ethnicity or cause of death; the time of death (2016 versus 2024) was a significant factor, with increasing MNP concentrations over time in both liver and brain samples (P = 0.01). Finally, even greater accumulation of MNPs was observed in a cohort of decedent brains with documented dementia diagnosis, with notable deposition in cerebrovascular walls and immune cells. These results highlight a critical need to better understand the routes of exposure, uptake and clearance pathways and potential health consequences of plastics in human tissues, particularly in the brain.

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来源期刊
Nature Medicine
Nature Medicine 医学-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
100.90
自引率
0.70%
发文量
525
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Nature Medicine is a monthly journal publishing original peer-reviewed research in all areas of medicine. The publication focuses on originality, timeliness, interdisciplinary interest, and the impact on improving human health. In addition to research articles, Nature Medicine also publishes commissioned content such as News, Reviews, and Perspectives. This content aims to provide context for the latest advances in translational and clinical research, reaching a wide audience of M.D. and Ph.D. readers. All editorial decisions for the journal are made by a team of full-time professional editors. Nature Medicine consider all types of clinical research, including: -Case-reports and small case series -Clinical trials, whether phase 1, 2, 3 or 4 -Observational studies -Meta-analyses -Biomarker studies -Public and global health studies Nature Medicine is also committed to facilitating communication between translational and clinical researchers. As such, we consider “hybrid” studies with preclinical and translational findings reported alongside data from clinical studies.
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