挪威的风力发电和邻避主义:公众态度和地方抵制。

IF 2.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Krange Olve, Figari Helene, Kaltenborn Bjørn
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究探讨了邻避(不要在我的后院)情绪对挪威当地对风力发电开发的抵制的影响。随着2022年新的陆上风电项目的特许权处理重新开放,大量申请等待评估,引发了当地的强烈反对。本研究评估了挪威公众中邻避态度的流行程度和影响,并批判性地考察了邻避概念的理论有效性和实际效用。利用在线调查的数据,我们分析了挪威对风力发电的普遍态度以及对当地风力发电装置的具体态度,该调查获得了1220份完整的回复。虽然37%的受访者支持在挪威建设风力发电,但只有27%的人赞成在自己家附近建设。基于这两种态度之间的关系,我们使用两种方法确定了数据中邻避者的比例。严格的定义要求个人支持挪威的风力发电,但反对在自己家附近的自然区域使用风力发电。一个不那么严格的定义还包括那些对挪威风力发电持中立态度的人。在这两种情况下,一小部分受访者表现出典型的邻避特征,即总体上支持(或声称中立)风力发电,但在当地反对。进一步的分析表明,直接使用风力发电装置的经验与越来越多的接受而不是反对有关,挑战了邻避的叙述。我们的研究认为,将当地的抵制贴上邻避主义的标签过于简化了问题,忽视了其他重要因素,如环境认同、地方依恋和更广泛的环境态度。因此,这项研究表明,把反对风力发电的人称为“邻避主义者”往往是错误的,也是不公正的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Wind Power and NIMBYism in Norway: Public Attitudes and Local Resistance

This study explores the impact of NIMBY (Not In My Backyard) sentiments on local resistance to wind power developments in Norway. With a reopening of concession processing for new onshore wind power projects in 2022, a significant number of applications await evaluation, provoking substantial local opposition. This research assesses the prevalence and impact of NIMBY attitudes among the Norwegian public and to critically examine the theoretical validity and practical utility of the NIMBY concept. Using data from an online survey, which yielded 1220 complete responses, we analyzed general attitudes toward wind power in Norway and specific attitudes toward local wind power installations. While 37% of respondents support wind power construction in Norway, only 27% favor it near their homes. Based on the relationship between these two attitudes, we identified the proportion of NIMBYs in the data using two approaches. A strict definition requires individuals to support wind power in Norway but oppose its presence in the natural areas near their own homes. A less strict definition also includes those who expressed a neutral stance toward wind power in Norway among the NIMBYs. In both cases, a relatively small segment of respondents exhibit classic NIMBY characteristics, i.e., support (or claim neutrality) to wind power in general but opposing it locally. Further analysis reveals that direct experience with wind power installations is associated with increased acceptance rather than opposition, challenging the NIMBY narrative. Our study argues that labeling local resistance as NIMBYism oversimplifies the issue and ignores other significant factors like environmental identity, place attachment, and broader environmental attitudes. Hence, the study suggests that blaming wind power opponents as “Nimbys” often is misplaced and unjust.

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来源期刊
Environmental Management
Environmental Management 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
2.90%
发文量
178
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: Environmental Management offers research and opinions on use and conservation of natural resources, protection of habitats and control of hazards, spanning the field of environmental management without regard to traditional disciplinary boundaries. The journal aims to improve communication, making ideas and results from any field available to practitioners from other backgrounds. Contributions are drawn from biology, botany, chemistry, climatology, ecology, ecological economics, environmental engineering, fisheries, environmental law, forest sciences, geosciences, information science, public affairs, public health, toxicology, zoology and more. As the principal user of nature, humanity is responsible for ensuring that its environmental impacts are benign rather than catastrophic. Environmental Management presents the work of academic researchers and professionals outside universities, including those in business, government, research establishments, and public interest groups, presenting a wide spectrum of viewpoints and approaches.
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