- Book学术

发布求助

文献互助智能选刊最新文献

IF 5 2区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiae614

Laura V Cooper, Ananda S Bandyopadhyay, Nicholas C Grassly, Elizabeth J Gray, Arie Voorman, Simona Zipursky, Isobel M Blake

{"title":"Global Impact of Mass Vaccination Campaigns on Circulating Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Outbreaks: An Interrupted Time-Series Analysis.","authors":"Laura V Cooper, Ananda S Bandyopadhyay, Nicholas C Grassly, Elizabeth J Gray, Arie Voorman, Simona Zipursky, Isobel M Blake","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae614","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: Between 2016 and 2023, 3248 cases of circulating vaccine-derived type 2 poliomyelitis (cVDPV2) were reported globally and supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) with monovalent type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (mOPV2) and novel type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (nOPV2) targeted an estimated 356 and 525 million children, respectively. This analysis estimates the community-level impact of nOPV2 relative to mOPV2 SIAs.Methods: We fitted interrupted time-series regressions to surveillance data between January 2016 and November 2023 to estimate the impact of nOPV2 and mOPV2 SIAs on cVDPV2 poliomyelitis incidence and prevalence in environmental surveillance across 37 countries, directly comparing the impact of SIAs in 13 countries where both vaccines were used.Results: We did not find any statistically significant differences between nOPV2 and mOPV2 SIA impact except for in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), where nOPV2 SIAs had lower impact (adjusted relative risk [aRR] for cVDPV2 poliomyelitis incidence per nOPV2 SIA, 0.505; 95% confidence interval [CI], .409-.623) compared to mOPV2 (aRR, 0.193; 95% CI, .137-.272); P value for difference in RRs = 3e-6.Conclusions: We find variation in OPV2 SIA impacts globally, with greater certainty about Nigeria and DRC, where large outbreaks provided an opportunity to assess impact at scale. In most countries, we find no significant difference between nOPV2 and mOPV2 SIA impact. We are unable to identify the reason for the significant difference in DRC, which could include differential SIA coverage, timing, vaccine effectiveness, or outbreak dynamics.","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiae614","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：2016年至2023年期间，全球共报告了3248例疫苗衍生型2型脊髓灰质炎（cVDPV2）病例，使用单价2型口服脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗（mOPV2）和新型2型口服脊髓灰质炎病毒疫苗（nOPV2）的补充免疫活动（SIAs）的目标儿童人数估计分别为3.56亿和5.25亿。本分析估计了 nOPV2 相对于 mOPV2 SIA 在社区层面的影响：我们对 2016 年 1 月至 2023 年 11 月期间的监测数据进行了间断时间序列回归，以估计 nOPV2 和 mOPV2 SIA 对 37 个国家环境监测中 cVDPV2 脊髓灰质炎发病率和流行率的影响，并直接比较了两种疫苗同时使用的 13 个国家中 SIA 的影响：结果：我们没有发现 nOPV2 和 mOPV2 SIA 的影响有任何统计学上的显著差异，但刚果民主共和国（DRC）除外，该国 nOPV2 SIA 的影响较低（每次 nOPV2 SIA 的 cVDPV2 脊髓灰质炎发病率调整相对风险 [aRR] 为 0.505；95%置信区间[CI]，.409-.623），而 mOPV2（aRR，0.193；95% CI，.137-.272）；RRs 差异的 P 值 = 3e-6：我们发现 OPV2 SIA 的影响在全球范围内存在差异，其中尼日利亚和刚果（金）的影响更为确定，因为这两个国家的大规模疫情爆发为评估大规模影响提供了机会。在大多数国家，我们发现 nOPV2 和 mOPV2 SIA 的影响没有显著差异。我们无法确定刚果民主共和国出现显著差异的原因，这可能包括 SIA 覆盖范围、时间、疫苗效果或疫情动态的不同。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

查看原文本刊更多论文

Global Impact of Mass Vaccination Campaigns on Circulating Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Outbreaks: An Interrupted Time-Series Analysis.

Background: Between 2016 and 2023, 3248 cases of circulating vaccine-derived type 2 poliomyelitis (cVDPV2) were reported globally and supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) with monovalent type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (mOPV2) and novel type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (nOPV2) targeted an estimated 356 and 525 million children, respectively. This analysis estimates the community-level impact of nOPV2 relative to mOPV2 SIAs.

Methods: We fitted interrupted time-series regressions to surveillance data between January 2016 and November 2023 to estimate the impact of nOPV2 and mOPV2 SIAs on cVDPV2 poliomyelitis incidence and prevalence in environmental surveillance across 37 countries, directly comparing the impact of SIAs in 13 countries where both vaccines were used.

Results: We did not find any statistically significant differences between nOPV2 and mOPV2 SIA impact except for in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), where nOPV2 SIAs had lower impact (adjusted relative risk [aRR] for cVDPV2 poliomyelitis incidence per nOPV2 SIA, 0.505; 95% confidence interval [CI], .409-.623) compared to mOPV2 (aRR, 0.193; 95% CI, .137-.272); P value for difference in RRs = 3e-6.

Conclusions: We find variation in OPV2 SIA impacts globally, with greater certainty about Nigeria and DRC, where large outbreaks provided an opportunity to assess impact at scale. In most countries, we find no significant difference between nOPV2 and mOPV2 SIA impact. We are unable to identify the reason for the significant difference in DRC, which could include differential SIA coverage, timing, vaccine effectiveness, or outbreak dynamics.

求助全文

通过发布文献求助，成功后即可免费获取论文全文。去求助

来源期刊

Journal of Infectious Diseases 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

13.50

自引率

3.10%

发文量

449

审稿时长

2-4 weeks

期刊介绍： Published continuously since 1904, The Journal of Infectious Diseases (JID) is the premier global journal for original research on infectious diseases. The editors welcome Major Articles and Brief Reports describing research results on microbiology, immunology, epidemiology, and related disciplines, on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of infectious diseases; on the microbes that cause them; and on disorders of host immune responses. JID is an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.