Carbon nanofibre frameworks based on a π-extended oligo(perylene) diimide for high-rate lithium-ion batteries†

Anodes play an important role in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and have received much attention as ideal carbon anode materials for meeting the needs for high-rate capability, long-term stability, and high energy density. In this study, a π-extended oligo(perylene) diimide (PTN) is synthesized by using a solvothermal reaction with NH₃·H₂O as the decarboxylation reaction catalyst and perylene anhydride as the precursor. A nanocarbon fiber framework can be produced through self-assembly during the carbonization process of π-extended perylene diimide oligomers. The resulting nanocarbon fiber frameworks used as anode materials in LIBs exhibit stable long-term cycling and high-rate capability with a high specific capacity of 670 mA h g⁻¹ at a current of 100 mA g⁻¹ after 270 cycles, 380 mA h g⁻¹ at 1000 mA g⁻¹ after 550 cycles, and 258 mA h g⁻¹ at 2000 mA g⁻¹ after 1000 cycles. The study results indicate that nanocarbon fiber frameworks would be essential for developing promising high-rate electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries.