Simon Kirsch, Simon Maier, Muyu Lin, Simón Guendelman, Christian Kaufmann, Isabel Dziobek, Ludger Tebartz van Elst
{"title":"自闭症述情障碍假说再访：述情障碍调节自闭症成人面部情感识别过程中的社会脑活动。","authors":"Simon Kirsch, Simon Maier, Muyu Lin, Simón Guendelman, Christian Kaufmann, Isabel Dziobek, Ludger Tebartz van Elst","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.01.007","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Both autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and alexithymia are linked to difficulties in facial affect recognition (FAR) together with differences in social brain activity. According to the alexithymia hypothesis, difficulties in emotion processing in ASD can be attributed to increased levels of co-occurring alexithymia. Despite substantial evidence supporting the hypothesis at the behavioral level, the effects of co-occurring alexithymia on brain function during FAR remain unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 120 participants (60 ASD, 60 control) who completed an FAR task were analyzed using functional magnetic resonance imaging and behavioral measures. The task included both explicit and implicit measures of FAR. Autistic participants were further categorized based on their alexithymia status. Group differences in FAR performance and associated brain activation were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Autistic participants showed lower FAR performance than control participants, regardless of alexithymia status. Imaging revealed 3 cortical clusters with reduced activation in participants with alexithymia compared with ASD participants without alexithymia during explicit FAR, including the left inferior parietal gyrus, cuneus, and middle temporal gyrus. During implicit FAR, ASD participants with alexithymia showed 3 cortical clusters of increased activation, including the left precentral gyrus, right precuneus, and temporoparietal junction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study shows an unexpected dissociation between behavior and brain response: While ASD affects FAR performance, only co-occurring alexithymia modulates corresponding social brain activations. Although not supporting the alexithymia hypothesis on the behavioral level, the study highlights the complex relationship between ASD and co-occurring alexithymia, emphasizing the significance of co-occurring conditions in understanding emotion processing in ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":93900,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The Alexithymia Hypothesis of Autism Revisited: Alexithymia Modulates Social Brain Activity During Facial Affect Recognition in Autistic Adults.\",\"authors\":\"Simon Kirsch, Simon Maier, Muyu Lin, Simón Guendelman, Christian Kaufmann, Isabel Dziobek, Ludger Tebartz van Elst\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.01.007\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Both autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and alexithymia are linked to difficulties in facial affect recognition (FAR) together with differences in social brain activity. According to the alexithymia hypothesis, difficulties in emotion processing in ASD can be attributed to increased levels of co-occurring alexithymia. Despite substantial evidence supporting the hypothesis at the behavioral level, the effects of co-occurring alexithymia on brain function during FAR remain unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 120 participants (60 ASD, 60 control) who completed an FAR task were analyzed using functional magnetic resonance imaging and behavioral measures. The task included both explicit and implicit measures of FAR. Autistic participants were further categorized based on their alexithymia status. Group differences in FAR performance and associated brain activation were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Autistic participants showed lower FAR performance than control participants, regardless of alexithymia status. Imaging revealed 3 cortical clusters with reduced activation in participants with alexithymia compared with ASD participants without alexithymia during explicit FAR, including the left inferior parietal gyrus, cuneus, and middle temporal gyrus. During implicit FAR, ASD participants with alexithymia showed 3 cortical clusters of increased activation, including the left precentral gyrus, right precuneus, and temporoparietal junction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study shows an unexpected dissociation between behavior and brain response: While ASD affects FAR performance, only co-occurring alexithymia modulates corresponding social brain activations. Although not supporting the alexithymia hypothesis on the behavioral level, the study highlights the complex relationship between ASD and co-occurring alexithymia, emphasizing the significance of co-occurring conditions in understanding emotion processing in ASD.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":93900,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Biological psychiatry. 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The Alexithymia Hypothesis of Autism Revisited: Alexithymia Modulates Social Brain Activity During Facial Affect Recognition in Autistic Adults.
Background: Both autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and alexithymia are linked to difficulties in facial affect recognition (FAR) together with differences in social brain activity. According to the alexithymia hypothesis, difficulties in emotion processing in ASD can be attributed to increased levels of co-occurring alexithymia. Despite substantial evidence supporting the hypothesis at the behavioral level, the effects of co-occurring alexithymia on brain function during FAR remain unexplored.
Methods: Data from 120 participants (60 ASD, 60 control) who completed an FAR task were analyzed using functional magnetic resonance imaging and behavioral measures. The task included both explicit and implicit measures of FAR. Autistic participants were further categorized based on their alexithymia status. Group differences in FAR performance and associated brain activation were investigated.
Results: Autistic participants showed lower FAR performance than control participants, regardless of alexithymia status. Imaging revealed 3 cortical clusters with reduced activation in participants with alexithymia compared with ASD participants without alexithymia during explicit FAR, including the left inferior parietal gyrus, cuneus, and middle temporal gyrus. During implicit FAR, ASD participants with alexithymia showed 3 cortical clusters of increased activation, including the left precentral gyrus, right precuneus, and temporoparietal junction.
Conclusions: Our study shows an unexpected dissociation between behavior and brain response: While ASD affects FAR performance, only co-occurring alexithymia modulates corresponding social brain activations. Although not supporting the alexithymia hypothesis on the behavioral level, the study highlights the complex relationship between ASD and co-occurring alexithymia, emphasizing the significance of co-occurring conditions in understanding emotion processing in ASD.
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