在高强度间歇训练后的恢复过程中限制碳水化合物可以在随后的运动中促进脂肪氧化，并且在与咖啡因结合时不会影响表现。

IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Developments in Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104520

Camilla Soegaard, Simon Riis, Jesper Friis Mortensen, Mette Hansen

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：限制碳水化合物可以改变底物的利用，并可能损害女性运动员的耐力表现。咖啡因的摄入可以缓解这种性能下降。目的：本研究的目的是验证一个假设，即在碳水化合物（CHO）限制状态下，训练女性的最大脂肪氧化率（MFO）会提高。此外，在低CHO可用性条件下，研究了运动前咖啡因摄入对计时赛表现的影响。方法：采用随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、交叉设计，选取17名女性耐力运动员完成3个实验区块。每个组在晚上进行高强度间歇训练（HIT），然后进行脂肪氧化测试以测量MFO率，第二天早上进行20分钟计时赛（20TT）。这些女性接受了标准化的等能量饮食和不同的CHO摄入时间：在没有（禁食）或300毫克咖啡因（4.1-4.9毫克/公斤体重）（禁食+咖啡因）的运动阶段之间没有CHO，在早晨运动测试之前或在HIT （FED）后摄入CHO。结果：FASTED+CAFF组的MFO率（0.57±0.04 g/min）高于FED组（0.50±0.04 g/min, P = 0.039），但与FASTED组无显著差异。FASTED+CAFF组20TT输出功率（189±9 W）高于FASTED组（+6.9%,P = 0.022）和FED组（+4.2%,P = 0.054）。结论：与恢复期摄入CHOs的情况相比，在HIT恢复期间限制CHO可提高随后运动中的MFO率，但只有在MFO测试前限制CHO并补充咖啡因时效果才显著。此外，在cho限制状态下，运动前摄入咖啡因可以补偿与cho限制状态相关的工作能力下降。

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Carbohydrate Restriction During Recovery from High-Intensity–Interval Training Enhances Fat Oxidation During Subsequent Exercise and Does Not Compromise Performance When Combined With Caffeine

Background

Carbohydrate restriction can alter substrate utilization and potentially impair endurance performance in female athletes. Caffeine intake may mitigate this performance decrements.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that maximal fat oxidation (MFO) rate would be enhanced in the carbohydrate (CHO) restricted state in trained females. Additionally, the impact of caffeine intake before exercise under conditions of low CHO availability was examined on time-trial performance.

Methods

By using a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover design, 17 female endurance athletes completed 3 experimental blocks. Each block consisted of high-intensity-interval–training (HIT) in the evening, followed by a fat oxidation test to measure MFO rate and a 20-min time trial (20TT) performance the next morning. The females received standardized, isoenergetic diets with different timing of CHO intake: No CHO between exercise sessions without (FASTED) or with 300 mg caffeine (4.1–4.9 mg/kg body mass) (FASTED+CAFF) before morning exercise tests or CHO ingestion after HIT (FED).

Results

MFO rate was higher in FASTED+CAFF (0.57 ± 0.04 g/min) than that in FED (0.50 ± 0.04 g/min, P = 0.039) but not different from FASTED condition. Power output performed during the 20TT was higher after FASTED+CAFF (189 ± 9 W) than that after FASTED (+6.9%, P = 0.022) and FED (+4.2%, P = 0.054).

Conclusions

CHO restriction during recovery from HIT enhances MFO rate during subsequent exercise compared with the condition where CHOs were consumed during the recovery period, but the effect was only significant when CHO restriction was combined with caffeine supplementation before the MFO test. In addition, caffeine ingestion before exercise in the CHO-restricted state compensates for the decreased work capacity associated with the CHO-restricted state.

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