Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Repairing the Bruised Tissue via Regulating mRNA Expression of Molecular Biomarkers and the Apoptotic Rate.

Background/aims: Bruise is the extravasation of blood that may be mild or severe. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are one of the most promising cells used in regenerative medicine for treating many disorders. We aimed to evaluate the efficiency of BM-MSCs in treating cutaneous bruises.

Methods: 78 male albino rats were equally divided into 3 groups, control group (G1), bruise wound group (G2) and Bruised animals treated with BM-MSCs group (G3). The sequences of color changes were recorded. Animals were sacrificed and skin samples were collected for histopathological examination and analyzing the mRNA expression rate of transforming growth factor- β (TGF-β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrotic factor-α (TNF-α), Heat shock protein-90 α (HSP-90α), Metalloprotiens-9 (MMP-9), and microRNA-21 (miR-21), which incorporated in the healing process and the apoptotic rat.

Results: Subcutaneous injection of BM-MSCs reduced the color intensity of the bruised skin, with statistically significant upregulation of TGF-β, TNF-α, and HSP-90α, significant down-regulation of MMP-9 and miR-21 mRNA expression rate, and significant reduction of the apoptotic rate and the inflammatory cells.

Conclusion: BM-MSCs have a promising improvement in the healing process of bruises by regulating the expression rate of TGF-β- IL-6- TNF-α- HSP-90α- MMP-9- miR-21 and reducing the apoptotic rate and inflammatory cell infiltration.