黄体生成素受体敲除小鼠:它教会了我们什么?

IF 3.2 2区 医学 Q1 ANDROLOGY
Andrology Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI:10.1111/andr.70000
Ilpo T Huhtaniemi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

黄体生成素(LH)及其激动剂绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)是人类负责性腺功能热带调节的关键激素。LH和hCG通过它们的同源受体——促黄体生成素/绒毛膜促性腺激素受体(LHCGR;LHR在缺乏CG的啮齿动物中更合适),位于睾丸的间质细胞和卵巢的卵膜、黄体和促黄体颗粒细胞中。低水平的LHCGR也表达在许多角外部位。人类性腺功能减退症中存在LHβ亚基(LHB)和LHCGR基因失活突变,证实了LH和LHCGR在性腺发育和功能中的重要作用。大约20年前,LHR结构的揭示和基因操作技术的出现使得具有灭活LHR功能的小鼠模型,即LHR敲除(LuRKO)小鼠的产生成为可能。此后,该小鼠模型在各种实验环境中发挥了重要作用,无论是单独使用还是与其他转基因小鼠模型结合使用,都提供了关于LH/LHR功能的新颖的、在某些情况下出乎意料的细节。我们将在这里回顾这些研究的突出发现。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Luteinizing hormone receptor knockout mouse: What has it taught us?

Luteinizing hormone (LH), along with its agonist choriongonadotropin (hCG) in humans, is the key hormone responsible for the tropic regulation of the gonadal function. LH and hCG act through their cognate receptor, the luteinizing hormone/choriongonadotropin receptor (LHCGR; more appropriately LHR in rodents lacking CG), located in the testis in Leydig cells and in the ovary in theca, luteal, and luteinizing granulosa cells. Low levels in LHCGR are also expressed in numerous extragonadal sites. Hypogonadism is observed in humans expressing inactivating mutations in the LHβ-subunit (LHB)and LHCGR genes, confirming the crucial role of LH and LHCGR in gonadal development and function. Unraveling of the LHR structure and the advent of gene manipulation techniques enabled the production of mouse models with inactivated LHR function, that is, the LHR knockout (LuRKO) mouse, some 20 years ago. This mouse model has thereafter been instrumental in various experimental settings, alone or combined with other genetically modified mouse models, in providing novel, and in some cases unexpected, details about the LH/LHR function. We will review here the salient findings of these studies.

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来源期刊
Andrology
Andrology ANDROLOGY-
CiteScore
9.10
自引率
6.70%
发文量
200
期刊介绍: Andrology is the study of the male reproductive system and other male gender related health issues. Andrology deals with basic and clinical aspects of the male reproductive system (gonads, endocrine and accessory organs) in all species, including the diagnosis and treatment of medical problems associated with sexual development, infertility, sexual dysfunction, sex hormone action and other urological problems. In medicine, Andrology as a specialty is a recent development, as it had previously been considered a subspecialty of urology or endocrinology
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