Andee Qiao, Anna S Samuel, Christina Merrill, Mayur Brahmania, Stephanie R Wilson
{"title":"隐匿性肝结节：超声造影的检测和特征。","authors":"Andee Qiao, Anna S Samuel, Christina Merrill, Mayur Brahmania, Stephanie R Wilson","doi":"10.1007/s00261-024-04651-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) now joins the ranks of CT and MRI for noninvasive diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). CEUS LI-RADS provides greater than 95% specificity for diagnosis within LR-5. Unlike CT/MRI, CEUS is nodule based. Currently, LI-RADS does not recommend CEUS of nodules occult or invisible on pre-contrast ultrasound except by experts. This study addresses our ability to find occult nodules using CEUS and to characterize them with CEUS LI-RADS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>100 patients at risk for HCC, 81 with cirrhosis, with occult lesions were retrospectively identified from our archived patient logs. All patients had CEUS examination. Three specialized CEUS techniques (blindshot injection, portal venous (PVP) sweep of the liver, and on-top injection) are used to evaluate nodules.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 114 occult lesions in 100 patients. The origin of 78(68%) lesions was an MRI (n = 69) or CT scan (n = 9) with an observation of abnormal enhancement, generally arterial phase hyperenhancement (APHE). All these patients had blindshot CEUS injection looking for a correlate with APHE. The remainder of occult lesions (n = 36)(32%) were first detected during CEUS, generally as washout foci on PVP sweeps or incidental APHE or washout nearby other targets. All washout areas had subsequent on-top injection to assess for APHE. Application of CEUS LI-RADS algorithm categorized 26 LR-5, 34 LR-4, and 5 LR-M. CEUS upgraded LI-RADS category of 24/50(48%) occult lesions reported on CT/MRI. 29(25%) occult lesions were offered treatment and from categories LR-5 and LR-M, 5 had biopsy confirmation and 15 were treated. From both sources, MR/CT and CEUS, there were 12 occult lesions scanned for treatment response, categorized as 7 LR-TR viable, 1 LR-TR nonviable, and 4 LR-TR equivocal on CEUS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study shows we can find and characterize occult nodules using CEUS techniques and CEUS LI-RADS algorithm, with positive impact on clinical management.</p>","PeriodicalId":7126,"journal":{"name":"Abdominal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Occult liver nodules: their detection and characterization with CEUS.\",\"authors\":\"Andee Qiao, Anna S Samuel, Christina Merrill, Mayur Brahmania, Stephanie R Wilson\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s00261-024-04651-8\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) now joins the ranks of CT and MRI for noninvasive diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). CEUS LI-RADS provides greater than 95% specificity for diagnosis within LR-5. Unlike CT/MRI, CEUS is nodule based. Currently, LI-RADS does not recommend CEUS of nodules occult or invisible on pre-contrast ultrasound except by experts. This study addresses our ability to find occult nodules using CEUS and to characterize them with CEUS LI-RADS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>100 patients at risk for HCC, 81 with cirrhosis, with occult lesions were retrospectively identified from our archived patient logs. All patients had CEUS examination. Three specialized CEUS techniques (blindshot injection, portal venous (PVP) sweep of the liver, and on-top injection) are used to evaluate nodules.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 114 occult lesions in 100 patients. The origin of 78(68%) lesions was an MRI (n = 69) or CT scan (n = 9) with an observation of abnormal enhancement, generally arterial phase hyperenhancement (APHE). All these patients had blindshot CEUS injection looking for a correlate with APHE. The remainder of occult lesions (n = 36)(32%) were first detected during CEUS, generally as washout foci on PVP sweeps or incidental APHE or washout nearby other targets. All washout areas had subsequent on-top injection to assess for APHE. Application of CEUS LI-RADS algorithm categorized 26 LR-5, 34 LR-4, and 5 LR-M. CEUS upgraded LI-RADS category of 24/50(48%) occult lesions reported on CT/MRI. 29(25%) occult lesions were offered treatment and from categories LR-5 and LR-M, 5 had biopsy confirmation and 15 were treated. From both sources, MR/CT and CEUS, there were 12 occult lesions scanned for treatment response, categorized as 7 LR-TR viable, 1 LR-TR nonviable, and 4 LR-TR equivocal on CEUS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study shows we can find and characterize occult nodules using CEUS techniques and CEUS LI-RADS algorithm, with positive impact on clinical management.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":7126,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Abdominal Radiology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-01-18\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Abdominal Radiology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-024-04651-8\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Abdominal Radiology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-024-04651-8","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING","Score":null,"Total":0}
Occult liver nodules: their detection and characterization with CEUS.
Objectives: Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) now joins the ranks of CT and MRI for noninvasive diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). CEUS LI-RADS provides greater than 95% specificity for diagnosis within LR-5. Unlike CT/MRI, CEUS is nodule based. Currently, LI-RADS does not recommend CEUS of nodules occult or invisible on pre-contrast ultrasound except by experts. This study addresses our ability to find occult nodules using CEUS and to characterize them with CEUS LI-RADS.
Methods: 100 patients at risk for HCC, 81 with cirrhosis, with occult lesions were retrospectively identified from our archived patient logs. All patients had CEUS examination. Three specialized CEUS techniques (blindshot injection, portal venous (PVP) sweep of the liver, and on-top injection) are used to evaluate nodules.
Results: There were 114 occult lesions in 100 patients. The origin of 78(68%) lesions was an MRI (n = 69) or CT scan (n = 9) with an observation of abnormal enhancement, generally arterial phase hyperenhancement (APHE). All these patients had blindshot CEUS injection looking for a correlate with APHE. The remainder of occult lesions (n = 36)(32%) were first detected during CEUS, generally as washout foci on PVP sweeps or incidental APHE or washout nearby other targets. All washout areas had subsequent on-top injection to assess for APHE. Application of CEUS LI-RADS algorithm categorized 26 LR-5, 34 LR-4, and 5 LR-M. CEUS upgraded LI-RADS category of 24/50(48%) occult lesions reported on CT/MRI. 29(25%) occult lesions were offered treatment and from categories LR-5 and LR-M, 5 had biopsy confirmation and 15 were treated. From both sources, MR/CT and CEUS, there were 12 occult lesions scanned for treatment response, categorized as 7 LR-TR viable, 1 LR-TR nonviable, and 4 LR-TR equivocal on CEUS.
Conclusion: Our study shows we can find and characterize occult nodules using CEUS techniques and CEUS LI-RADS algorithm, with positive impact on clinical management.
期刊介绍：
Abdominal Radiology seeks to meet the professional needs of the abdominal radiologist by publishing clinically pertinent original, review and practice related articles on the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts and abdominal interventional and radiologic procedures. Case reports are generally not accepted unless they are the first report of a new disease or condition, or part of a special solicited section.
Reasons to Publish Your Article in Abdominal Radiology:
· Official journal of the Society of Abdominal Radiology (SAR)
· Published in Cooperation with:
European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR)
European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR)
Asian Society of Abdominal Radiology (ASAR)
· Efficient handling and Expeditious review
· Author feedback is provided in a mentoring style
· Global readership
· Readers can earn CME credits
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