瞬态共振对超快x射线衍射的非线性增强

IF 15.7 1区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Stephan Kuschel, Phay J. Ho, Andre Al Haddad, Felix F. Zimmermann, Leonie Flueckiger, Matthew R. Ware, Joseph Duris, James P. MacArthur, Alberto Lutman, Ming-Fu Lin, Xiang Li, Kazutaka Nakahara, Jeff W. Aldrich, Peter Walter, Linda Young, Christoph Bostedt, Agostino Marinelli, Tais Gorkhover
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引用次数: 0

摘要

利用超短x射线脉冲进行破坏前衍射成像,可以在自然环境中以亚飞秒的精度观察非平衡过程,如化学反应。图中,纳米样品在分解前衍射出单个x射线闪光。从相干衍射图像(CDI)可以重构样品的结构。由于衍射信号弱,现有的x射线快照缺乏高空间分辨率。光电离的漂白效应显著地抑制了图像的亮度缩放。我们发现,如果x射线激光脉冲比大多数实验中短,非线性瞬态离子共振可以克服这一障碍。我们比较了单个≈100 nm的Xe纳米颗粒的快照,作为脉冲持续时间和入射x射线通量的函数。我们的实验结果和蒙特卡罗模拟表明,瞬态共振可以显著增加离子散射截面,远远超过文献值。这为在纳米尺度上结合亚飞秒时间精度大幅提高CDI的空间分辨率提供了一条新的途径。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Non-linear enhancement of ultrafast X-ray diffraction through transient resonances

Non-linear enhancement of ultrafast X-ray diffraction through transient resonances

Diffraction-before-destruction imaging with ultrashort X-ray pulses can visualize non-equilibrium processes, such as chemical reactions, with sub-femtosecond precision in the native environment. Here, a nanospecimen diffracts a single X-ray flash before it disintegrates. The sample structure can be reconstructed from the coherent diffraction image (CDI). State-of-the-art X-ray snapshots lack high spatial resolution because of weak diffraction signal. Bleaching effects from photo-ionization significantly restrain image brightness scaling. We find that non-linear transient ion resonances can overcome this barrier if X-ray laser pulses are shorter than in most experiments. We compared snapshots from individual ≈ 100 nm Xe nanoparticles as a function of pulse duration and incoming X-ray fluence. Our experimental results and Monte Carlo simulations suggest that transient resonances can increase ionic scattering cross sections significantly beyond literature values. This provides a novel avenue towards substantial improvement of the spatial resolution in CDI in combination with sub-femtosecond temporal precision at the nanoscale.

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来源期刊
Nature Communications
Nature Communications Biological Science Disciplines-
CiteScore
24.90
自引率
2.40%
发文量
6928
审稿时长
3.7 months
期刊介绍: Nature Communications, an open-access journal, publishes high-quality research spanning all areas of the natural sciences. Papers featured in the journal showcase significant advances relevant to specialists in each respective field. With a 2-year impact factor of 16.6 (2022) and a median time of 8 days from submission to the first editorial decision, Nature Communications is committed to rapid dissemination of research findings. As a multidisciplinary journal, it welcomes contributions from biological, health, physical, chemical, Earth, social, mathematical, applied, and engineering sciences, aiming to highlight important breakthroughs within each domain.
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