Comprehensive optimization of friction performance of amorphous carbon films under complex solid–liquid composite conditions

This study investigated the friction mechanisms of textured amorphous carbon (a-C) films under solid–liquid composite conditions using reactive molecular dynamics simulations, focusing on the effects of varying oil content and contact pressure. By quantifying the impact of these factors, the optimal preparation of a-C films for different operating conditions was guided. Results indicate that friction performance is closely related to the lubrication state, which is determined by the coupling of oil content and contact pressure. The potential lubrication mechanisms depend mainly on the fluidity of the lubricant, the bonding between a-C surfaces, and the competitive or synergistic effects of the lubricant and interface passivation in the H-stress state. Most importantly, the Pearson correlation coefficient reveals that rectangular groove textures exhibit high sensitivity to the application environment, and the optimal application scenarios for different textured surfaces are suggested. These insights underscore the importance of selecting appropriate textured types and adjusting lubrication strategies to enhance the tribological performance of a-C films under various operating conditions.