Debate: Where to next for universal school-based mental health interventions? The value of student voices in informing the design and implementation of universal school-based mental health interventions

Universal school-based mental health interventions present a promising approach to addressing youth mental health challenges; however, evidence suggests their effectiveness is often limited and unsustained. One contributing factor to this issue is the frequent superficial involvement of students in the design, implementation and evaluation of initiatives. In response, this paper advocates for the urgent prioritisation of student voice within these programmes, using in-depth and purposive qualitative approaches that empower youth to actively co-create and shape interventions. Research highlights that incorporating student voice can yield vital insights into what is effective and ineffective in programmes, particularly for marginalised groups. Moreover, engaging students in co-designing methodologies that help amplify their voices ensures research processes are better aligned with their needs and preferences, fostering greater ownership and improved outcomes. This shift, which repositions students as active collaborators rather than passive recipients, has the potential to enhance both the effectiveness and equity of initiatives.