Hércules Lázaro Morais Campos, Elisa Brosina De Leon, Ingred Merllin Batista de Souza, Anna Quialheiro, Elizabete Regina Araújo de Oliveira
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引用次数: 0
摘要
从认知、功能和生活目的的角度来看，农村地区的老龄化具有挑战性，老年人的老年生活方式具有非常具体的特点。文献中缺乏关于世界各地农村人口如何变老的信息和数据。本研究的目的是确定和描述农村地区的人们是如何变老的，重点关注以下领域：认知、身体功能/功能和生活目的。方法：我们纳入了在PubMed、LILACS、PsycINFO、Scopus、SciELO和Web of Science 6个数据库中截至2023年4月发表的横断面研究。首次选择研究使用Rayyan软件，并使用观察性研究质量评价（Observational Study Quality Evaluation）来评估方法学质量和偏倚风险。对于初步分析，使用以下MeSH描述符对搜索引擎中可用的标题和摘要进行分析：“物理功能”；“认知”;“认知功能”;“人生目标”;“个人满意度”;“主观幸福”;“岁”;“老”;“老”;“农村老龄化”;“农村人口”;“社区、农村”;“分布、乡村空间”；“媒介社区”;“农村结算”;“小社会”。在二次审稿中，所选文章由两位独立审稿人完整阅读，必要时由第三位审稿人确认。结果：通过对22项研究的方法学评价发现，世界农村老龄化以女性为主，且以老年妇女农民为主；心理评价最高，日常生活活动和工具活动评价最高；这些研究没有提到对人生目标的评估。结论：世界农村地区的老龄化情况非常不同，我们的老龄化方式与这一过程发生的地点直接相关。认知，其次是功能，是对这一人群的横断面研究中研究最多的结果，迄今为止尚未对生活目标的评估进行调查。
Cognition, physical function and life purpose in the rural elderly population: a systematic review.
Introduction: Aging in rural areas is challenging and has very specific characteristics in the way these elderly people live their old age, from the perspectives of cognition, functionality and life purpose. There is a lack of information and data in the literature on how people age in rural areas around the world. The aim of this study was to identify and describe how people age in rural areas, focusing on the following domains: cognition, physical function/functionality and life purpose.
Methods: We included cross-sectional studies published up to April 2023 found in six databases: PubMed, LILACS, PsycINFO, Scopus, SciELO and Web of Science. The Rayyan software was used for the first selection of studies and the Observational Study Quality Evaluation was used to assess methodological quality and risk of bias. For the primary analysis, the titles and abstracts available in the search engine were analyzed using the following MeSH descriptors: "physical functioning"; "cognition"; "cognitive function"; "life purpose"; 'personal satisfaction'; 'subjective well-being'; "aged"; "elderly"; "old"; "rural aging"; "rural population"; "communities, rural"; "distribution, rural spatial"; "medium communities"; "rural settlement"; "small community". In the secondary selection, the selected articles were fully read by two independent reviewers and confirmed by a third reviewer when necessary.
Results: From 22 studies methodologically evaluated it was seen that rural aging in the world is female and mostly in elderly women farmers; mental evaluation together with activities of daily living and instrumental activities were the most evaluated; the studies did not mention the evaluation of life purpose.
Conclusion: The world ages very differently in rural areas, and the way we age is directly linked to where this process takes place. Cognition, followed by functionality, are the most researched outcomes in cross-sectional studies with this population and the assessment of life purpose has not been investigated to date.
期刊介绍：
Rural and Remote Health is a not-for-profit, online-only, peer-reviewed academic publication. It aims to further rural and remote health education, research and practice. The primary purpose of the Journal is to publish and so provide an international knowledge-base of peer-reviewed material from rural health practitioners (medical, nursing and allied health professionals and health workers), educators, researchers and policy makers.
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