A numerical strategy to achieving efficiency exceeding 27% with a novel dual absorber perovskite solar cell using BaZrSe3 and CsPbI3

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are at the forefront of rapid advancements in renewable energy. Yet, there remains considerable potential for enhancing both performance and stability. This study undertakes a comparative analysis aimed at designing a dual absorber PSC using the SCAPS-1D simulator. Two initial configurations are explored to model an optimized structure. The first configuration features a single-junction structure with FTO/CdS/BaZrSe₃/V₂O₅/Au, while the second follows a similar design using FTO/CdS/CsPbI₃/V₂O₅/Au. A third configuration introduces a graded dual active layer setup: FTO/CdS/CsPbI₃/BaZrSe₃/V₂O₅/Au. A key challenge for achieving optimal photovoltaic performance lies in the absorber layers’ limited light absorption. However, integrating a graded absorber with both narrow and wide band-gap layers significantly boosts the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PSC devices. The proposed graded dual active layer design demonstrates remarkable results, achieving a PCE of 27.52%, a short-circuit current density (J_sc) of 46.33 mA/cm², a high fill factor of 78.34%, and an open-circuit voltage (V_oc) of 0.7582 V.