Pierre Stiernet , Alexandre Verdin , Maja Stina Svanberg Frisinger , Bruno Grignard , Cédric Malherbe , Jiayin Yuan , Jean-Christophe M. Monbaliu , Christophe Detrembleur
{"title":"快速CO2偶联到丙炔醇:通过连续流动解锁α-烷基烯环碳酸酯的生产","authors":"Pierre Stiernet , Alexandre Verdin , Maja Stina Svanberg Frisinger , Bruno Grignard , Cédric Malherbe , Jiayin Yuan , Jean-Christophe M. Monbaliu , Christophe Detrembleur","doi":"10.1039/d4gc05716c","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>α-Alkylidene cyclic carbonates (αCCs) are gaining interest as building blocks in organic and polymer chemistry. To date, their synthesis <em>via</em> the coupling of CO<sub>2</sub> to propargylic alcohols has been restricted to batch processes, with extensive efforts devoted to improving catalytic systems. Herein, utilizing a refined, homogeneous silver–carbene–organobase catalytic system, we optimized batch conditions to achieve, for the first time, complete conversion of tertiary propargylic alcohols within minutes instead of hours. Building on this, we introduce a continuous flow methodology to produce a library of αCCs, achieving the highest space–time yields reported, with quantitative conversions in less than 20 minutes and outputs up to 111 grams per day. This approach reduces CO<sub>2</sub> usage to 1 or 2 equivalents, improves parameter control, and is expected to facilitate scalability. In addition, “plug-and-play” lab-scale continuous flow modules enable seamless integration of subsequent αCC transformations without intermediate purification, as illustrated by the aminolysis of αCCs into oxazolidones with good conversion (91%). Furthermore, supporting the silver–carbene catalyst on a polymer matrix eliminates silver contamination and even suppresses the need for a base co-catalyst. This work advances the scalable synthesis of αCCs <em>via</em> continuous flow, marking a significant step toward greener, CO<sub>2</sub>-based cyclic carbonates and derivatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 3","pages":"Pages 722-730"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Rapid CO2 coupling to propargylic alcohols: unlocking the production of α-alkylidene cyclic carbonates via continuous flow†\",\"authors\":\"Pierre Stiernet , Alexandre Verdin , Maja Stina Svanberg Frisinger , Bruno Grignard , Cédric Malherbe , Jiayin Yuan , Jean-Christophe M. Monbaliu , Christophe Detrembleur\",\"doi\":\"10.1039/d4gc05716c\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>α-Alkylidene cyclic carbonates (αCCs) are gaining interest as building blocks in organic and polymer chemistry. To date, their synthesis <em>via</em> the coupling of CO<sub>2</sub> to propargylic alcohols has been restricted to batch processes, with extensive efforts devoted to improving catalytic systems. Herein, utilizing a refined, homogeneous silver–carbene–organobase catalytic system, we optimized batch conditions to achieve, for the first time, complete conversion of tertiary propargylic alcohols within minutes instead of hours. Building on this, we introduce a continuous flow methodology to produce a library of αCCs, achieving the highest space–time yields reported, with quantitative conversions in less than 20 minutes and outputs up to 111 grams per day. This approach reduces CO<sub>2</sub> usage to 1 or 2 equivalents, improves parameter control, and is expected to facilitate scalability. In addition, “plug-and-play” lab-scale continuous flow modules enable seamless integration of subsequent αCC transformations without intermediate purification, as illustrated by the aminolysis of αCCs into oxazolidones with good conversion (91%). Furthermore, supporting the silver–carbene catalyst on a polymer matrix eliminates silver contamination and even suppresses the need for a base co-catalyst. This work advances the scalable synthesis of αCCs <em>via</em> continuous flow, marking a significant step toward greener, CO<sub>2</sub>-based cyclic carbonates and derivatives.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":78,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Green Chemistry\",\"volume\":\"27 3\",\"pages\":\"Pages 722-730\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":9.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-12-03\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Green Chemistry\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"92\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/org/science/article/pii/S1463926224009543\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Green Chemistry","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/org/science/article/pii/S1463926224009543","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Rapid CO2 coupling to propargylic alcohols: unlocking the production of α-alkylidene cyclic carbonates via continuous flow†
α-Alkylidene cyclic carbonates (αCCs) are gaining interest as building blocks in organic and polymer chemistry. To date, their synthesis via the coupling of CO2 to propargylic alcohols has been restricted to batch processes, with extensive efforts devoted to improving catalytic systems. Herein, utilizing a refined, homogeneous silver–carbene–organobase catalytic system, we optimized batch conditions to achieve, for the first time, complete conversion of tertiary propargylic alcohols within minutes instead of hours. Building on this, we introduce a continuous flow methodology to produce a library of αCCs, achieving the highest space–time yields reported, with quantitative conversions in less than 20 minutes and outputs up to 111 grams per day. This approach reduces CO2 usage to 1 or 2 equivalents, improves parameter control, and is expected to facilitate scalability. In addition, “plug-and-play” lab-scale continuous flow modules enable seamless integration of subsequent αCC transformations without intermediate purification, as illustrated by the aminolysis of αCCs into oxazolidones with good conversion (91%). Furthermore, supporting the silver–carbene catalyst on a polymer matrix eliminates silver contamination and even suppresses the need for a base co-catalyst. This work advances the scalable synthesis of αCCs via continuous flow, marking a significant step toward greener, CO2-based cyclic carbonates and derivatives.
期刊介绍:
Green Chemistry is a journal that provides a unique forum for the publication of innovative research on the development of alternative green and sustainable technologies. The scope of Green Chemistry is based on the definition proposed by Anastas and Warner (Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice, P T Anastas and J C Warner, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998), which defines green chemistry as the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products. Green Chemistry aims to reduce the environmental impact of the chemical enterprise by developing a technology base that is inherently non-toxic to living things and the environment. The journal welcomes submissions on all aspects of research relating to this endeavor and publishes original and significant cutting-edge research that is likely to be of wide general appeal. For a work to be published, it must present a significant advance in green chemistry, including a comparison with existing methods and a demonstration of advantages over those methods.