Behavior of human gingival fibroblasts and human osteosarcoma cells on amine-gradient surfaces prepared by CPA plasma-polymerization

Periodontal disease frequently affects oral tissue and induces permanent loss of teeth and defects in the bone. The regeneration of oral tissue primarily relies on the surface morphology and chemical properties of biomaterial surfaces. Plasma technology is a safe and efficient tool for creating biomaterials with suitable surface properties. We investigated the behavior of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1) and human osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) on an amine-gradient surface prepared using cyclopropylamine (CPA) polymerization. The surface characteristics of the CPA thin film were analyzed using contact angle, zeta potential, AFM, FTIR, and XPS. The cell behavior was evaluated based on cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation. After CPA plasma-polymerization, it was confirmed that the pristine poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) film surface had been modified into an amine-functionalized surface by FTIR and XPS. In addition, amine functional groups are hydrophilic. This improved the initial attachment or proliferation of oral tissue cells. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the optimal concentration of the amine gradient on the polymer surface varies depending on the specific cell types comprising the tissue. These results indicated that amine surfaces formed by plasma-polymerization on polymer surfaces provide an excellent environment for the regeneration of oral tissue cells.