Andrea Giovanni De Marchi, Alessandro Granelli, Jacopo Nava, Filippo Sala
{"title":"来自宇宙射线储层的残留中微子背景","authors":"Andrea Giovanni De Marchi, Alessandro Granelli, Jacopo Nava, Filippo Sala","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.023023","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"We compute the flux of relic neutrino background (R</a:mi>ν</a:mi>B</a:mi></a:mrow></a:math>) up-scattered by ultrahigh-energy (UHE) cosmic rays (CRs) in clusters that act as CR-reservoirs. The long trapping times of UHECRs make this flux larger than that of <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:mrow><e:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">R</e:mi><e:mi>ν</e:mi><e:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">B</e:mi></e:mrow></e:math> up-scattered by UHECRs on their way to Earth, which we also compute. We find that IceCube excludes <i:math xmlns:i=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><i:mrow><i:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">R</i:mi><i:mi>ν</i:mi><i:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">B</i:mi></i:mrow></i:math> weighted overdensities larger than <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><m:msup><m:mn>10</m:mn><m:mn>10</m:mn></m:msup></m:math> in clusters, and that PUEO, RNO-G, GRAND, and IceCube-Gen2 will test values down to <o:math xmlns:o=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><o:msup><o:mn>10</o:mn><o:mn>8</o:mn></o:msup></o:math>. Our treatment incorporates the momentum transfer dependence of the neutrino-nucleus cross section, deep inelastic scattering, a mixed UHECR composition, and flavor information on the up-scattered <q:math xmlns:q=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><q:mrow><q:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">R</q:mi><q:mi>ν</q:mi><q:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">B</q:mi></q:mrow></q:math> fluxes for both cases of neutrino mass spectrum with normal and inverted ordering, providing new handles to possibly disentangle the up-scattered <u:math xmlns:u=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><u:mrow><u:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">R</u:mi><u:mi>ν</u:mi><u:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">B</u:mi></u:mrow></u:math> from cosmogenic neutrinos. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Relic neutrino background from cosmic-ray reservoirs\",\"authors\":\"Andrea Giovanni De Marchi, Alessandro Granelli, Jacopo Nava, Filippo Sala\",\"doi\":\"10.1103/physrevd.111.023023\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"We compute the flux of relic neutrino background (R</a:mi>ν</a:mi>B</a:mi></a:mrow></a:math>) up-scattered by ultrahigh-energy (UHE) cosmic rays (CRs) in clusters that act as CR-reservoirs. The long trapping times of UHECRs make this flux larger than that of <e:math xmlns:e=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" display=\\\"inline\\\"><e:mrow><e:mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">R</e:mi><e:mi>ν</e:mi><e:mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">B</e:mi></e:mrow></e:math> up-scattered by UHECRs on their way to Earth, which we also compute. We find that IceCube excludes <i:math xmlns:i=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" display=\\\"inline\\\"><i:mrow><i:mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">R</i:mi><i:mi>ν</i:mi><i:mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">B</i:mi></i:mrow></i:math> weighted overdensities larger than <m:math xmlns:m=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" display=\\\"inline\\\"><m:msup><m:mn>10</m:mn><m:mn>10</m:mn></m:msup></m:math> in clusters, and that PUEO, RNO-G, GRAND, and IceCube-Gen2 will test values down to <o:math xmlns:o=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" display=\\\"inline\\\"><o:msup><o:mn>10</o:mn><o:mn>8</o:mn></o:msup></o:math>. Our treatment incorporates the momentum transfer dependence of the neutrino-nucleus cross section, deep inelastic scattering, a mixed UHECR composition, and flavor information on the up-scattered <q:math xmlns:q=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" display=\\\"inline\\\"><q:mrow><q:mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">R</q:mi><q:mi>ν</q:mi><q:mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">B</q:mi></q:mrow></q:math> fluxes for both cases of neutrino mass spectrum with normal and inverted ordering, providing new handles to possibly disentangle the up-scattered <u:math xmlns:u=\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\" display=\\\"inline\\\"><u:mrow><u:mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">R</u:mi><u:mi>ν</u:mi><u:mi mathvariant=\\\"normal\\\">B</u:mi></u:mrow></u:math> from cosmogenic neutrinos. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>\",\"PeriodicalId\":20167,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Physical Review D\",\"volume\":\"6 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-01-10\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Physical Review D\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"101\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.023023\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"物理与天体物理\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"Physics and Astronomy\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Physical Review D","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.023023","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Physics and Astronomy","Score":null,"Total":0}
Relic neutrino background from cosmic-ray reservoirs
We compute the flux of relic neutrino background (RνB) up-scattered by ultrahigh-energy (UHE) cosmic rays (CRs) in clusters that act as CR-reservoirs. The long trapping times of UHECRs make this flux larger than that of RνB up-scattered by UHECRs on their way to Earth, which we also compute. We find that IceCube excludes RνB weighted overdensities larger than 1010 in clusters, and that PUEO, RNO-G, GRAND, and IceCube-Gen2 will test values down to 108. Our treatment incorporates the momentum transfer dependence of the neutrino-nucleus cross section, deep inelastic scattering, a mixed UHECR composition, and flavor information on the up-scattered RνB fluxes for both cases of neutrino mass spectrum with normal and inverted ordering, providing new handles to possibly disentangle the up-scattered RνB from cosmogenic neutrinos. Published by the American Physical Society2025
期刊介绍：
Physical Review D (PRD) is a leading journal in elementary particle physics, field theory, gravitation, and cosmology and is one of the top-cited journals in high-energy physics.
PRD covers experimental and theoretical results in all aspects of particle physics, field theory, gravitation and cosmology, including:
Particle physics experiments,
Electroweak interactions,
Strong interactions,
Lattice field theories, lattice QCD,
Beyond the standard model physics,
Phenomenological aspects of field theory, general methods,
Gravity, cosmology, cosmic rays,
Astrophysics and astroparticle physics,
General relativity,
Formal aspects of field theory, field theory in curved space,
String theory, quantum gravity, gauge/gravity duality.
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