蠕虫病和痘疫苗接种:撒哈拉以南非洲的挑战。

Infectious diseases (London, England) Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-08 DOI:10.1080/23744235.2025.2449902
Giancarlo Ceccarelli, Francesco Branda, Fabio Scarpa, Marta Giovanetti, Massimo Ciccozzi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

撒哈拉以南非洲正在爆发的麻疹疫情突出表明,迫切需要公平获得疫苗和提供强有力的后勤支持。然而,仅凭这些因素不足以确保疫苗接种运动在具有独特流行病学和免疫学挑战的地区取得成功。一个重要的问题是蠕虫感染的高流行率,已知这种感染会损害对疫苗的免疫反应,可能降低短期疗效和长期抗体滴度。本文探讨了蠕虫病对撒哈拉以南非洲麻疹疫苗接种的影响,强调需要采取综合战略来解决这种合并感染。我们讨论了将驱虫计划与疫苗接种运动相结合是否可以提高疫苗反应,并检查了在地方性蠕虫感染背景下单剂量m痘疫苗接种的新数据的适用性。此外,我们强调实时监测的重要性,以监测疫苗的有效性,并在蠕虫高流行地区确定突破性感染。我们的研究结果强调了一种针对具体情况的m痘疫苗接种政策的必要性,这种政策考虑了蠕虫感染和疫苗效力之间复杂的相互作用。应对这些挑战对于确保疫苗接种工作取得成功和减轻麻疹在非洲及其他地区更广泛的公共卫生影响至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Helminthiasis and mpox vaccination: challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa.

The ongoing mpox outbreak in sub-Saharan Africa has highlighted the critical need for equitable vaccine access and robust logistical support. However, these factors alone are insufficient to ensure the success of vaccination campaigns in regions characterized by unique epidemiological and immunological challenges. One significant issue is the high prevalence of helminth infections, which are known to impair immune responses to vaccines, potentially reducing both short-term efficacy and long-term antibody titers. This paper explores the implications of helminthiasis for mpox vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa, emphasizing the need for integrated strategies to address this co-infection. We discuss whether combining deworming programs with vaccination campaigns could enhance vaccine responses and examine the applicability of emerging data on single-dose mpox vaccination in the context of endemic helminth infections. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of real-time surveillance to monitor vaccine effectiveness and identify breakthrough infections in regions with high helminth prevalence. Our findings underscore the necessity of a context-specific approach to mpox vaccination policies, one that considers the intricate interplay between helminth infections and vaccine efficacy. Addressing these challenges is essential to ensure the success of vaccination efforts and to mitigate the broader public health impact of mpox in Africa and beyond.

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