Prevalence and associated risk factors of insomnia among adults attending primary health care settings in the Kingdom of Bahrain.

Background: Insomnia patients often visit their primary care physician, but their sleep disorders go undiagnosed and many sufferers do not receive adequate care. This study aims to detect insomnia among adults in Bahrain and its associated risk factors in order to provide a better quality of sleep for these individuals.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a primary health care center with 400 adult participants in Bahrain. The study participants completed a self-administered questionnaire containing two parts: a structured part for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, and the AIS.

Results: Among the participants, 59% had insomnia. The highest prevalence was among students (80%) (P < 0.001). Regarding risk factors, insomnia was more prevalent in females (64.5%) (P = 0.017), unmarried (66.9%) (P = 0.037), and those who practiced physical activity less than 30 minutes per day (53.9%) (P = 0.032).

Conclusion: Insomnia is a prevalent problem among primary healthcare attendees that needs special attention. It is mostly associated, according to this study, with young age < 30 years, female sex, being a student, and physical inactivity.