{"title":"Microarchitecture and Crystalline Composition: A Comprehensive Exploration of Salivary Gland Stones.","authors":"Liu-Yang Qu, Dan-Ni Zheng, Xiao-Tong Ling, Guan-Qi Liu, Xiao-Yun Xu, Deng-Gao Liu","doi":"10.1111/odi.15234","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the microarchitecture and crystalline composition of sialoliths and to explore their formation mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-six sialolith samples (51 from the submandibular glands and 15 from the parotid glands) were retrospectively collected. Their diameter and quality were measured. Micro-computed tomography, scanning electron microscopy, and polycrystalline X-ray diffractometer (XRD) were utilized to determine their microstructure and crystalline composition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Stone diameter and weight averaged at 9.6 mm and 0.31 g, respectively. Submandibular stones showed larger size and weight than parotid stones. Microstructurally, the main stones were concentric (n = 51) or mixed (n = 15). Most concentric stones occurred at submandibular glands, while 80% of the mixed stones were parotid stones. Stone surface exhibited three microscopic structures: lamellar, grape-like, and porous, indicating their differences in mineralization process and composition. XRD revealed that all stones contained hydroxyapatite, with 57 containing whitlockite. Concentration of hydroxyapatite in concentric stones was significantly higher than that in mixed stones (p = 0.036) and correlated positively with stone diameter (p = 0.001). The microstructure and crystalline composition of multiple and recurrent stones were similar to that of single stones.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sialoliths display pronounced diversity in microarchitecture and crystalline composition, reflecting the differences in mineralization process and local microenvironments among stones.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Oral diseases","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.15234","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Microarchitecture and Crystalline Composition: A Comprehensive Exploration of Salivary Gland Stones.
Objective: To investigate the microarchitecture and crystalline composition of sialoliths and to explore their formation mechanisms.
Methods: Sixty-six sialolith samples (51 from the submandibular glands and 15 from the parotid glands) were retrospectively collected. Their diameter and quality were measured. Micro-computed tomography, scanning electron microscopy, and polycrystalline X-ray diffractometer (XRD) were utilized to determine their microstructure and crystalline composition.
Results: Stone diameter and weight averaged at 9.6 mm and 0.31 g, respectively. Submandibular stones showed larger size and weight than parotid stones. Microstructurally, the main stones were concentric (n = 51) or mixed (n = 15). Most concentric stones occurred at submandibular glands, while 80% of the mixed stones were parotid stones. Stone surface exhibited three microscopic structures: lamellar, grape-like, and porous, indicating their differences in mineralization process and composition. XRD revealed that all stones contained hydroxyapatite, with 57 containing whitlockite. Concentration of hydroxyapatite in concentric stones was significantly higher than that in mixed stones (p = 0.036) and correlated positively with stone diameter (p = 0.001). The microstructure and crystalline composition of multiple and recurrent stones were similar to that of single stones.
Conclusion: Sialoliths display pronounced diversity in microarchitecture and crystalline composition, reflecting the differences in mineralization process and local microenvironments among stones.
期刊介绍：
Oral Diseases is a multidisciplinary and international journal with a focus on head and neck disorders, edited by leaders in the field, Professor Giovanni Lodi (Editor-in-Chief, Milan, Italy), Professor Stefano Petti (Deputy Editor, Rome, Italy) and Associate Professor Gulshan Sunavala-Dossabhoy (Deputy Editor, Shreveport, LA, USA). The journal is pre-eminent in oral medicine. Oral Diseases specifically strives to link often-isolated areas of dentistry and medicine through broad-based scholarship that includes well-designed and controlled clinical research, analytical epidemiology, and the translation of basic science in pre-clinical studies. The journal typically publishes articles relevant to many related medical specialties including especially dermatology, gastroenterology, hematology, immunology, infectious diseases, neuropsychiatry, oncology and otolaryngology. The essential requirement is that all submitted research is hypothesis-driven, with significant positive and negative results both welcomed. Equal publication emphasis is placed on etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention and treatment.
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