Ioannis Kyriazidis, Juan Enrique Berner, Karl Waked, Moustapha Hamdi
{"title":"3D乳房扫描在整形外科利用免费的iPhone激光雷达应用程序：评估，潜力和局限性。","authors":"Ioannis Kyriazidis, Juan Enrique Berner, Karl Waked, Moustapha Hamdi","doi":"10.1093/asj/sjae251","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Three-dimensional (3D) imaging enhances surgical planning and documentation in plastic surgery, but high costs limit accessibility. Mobile light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology offers a potential cost-effective alternative.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this research was to evaluate the accuracy and clinical utility of iPhone-based LiDAR scanning for breast measurements compared to traditional methods, and to establish standardized protocols for clinical implementation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective validation study, 25 consecutive patients (mean age: 44 years; range: 32-64 years; mean BMI: 23.2 kg/m2) undergoing breast procedures were evaluated with the \"3D Scanner App\" on the iPhone 15 Pro (Apple Inc., Cupertino, CA). Three standardized measurements (sternal notch-to-nipple, nipple-to-midline, nipple-to-inframammary fold) of LiDAR and manual techniques were compared. Technical error of measurement (TEM) and relative TEM (rTEM) were calculated. Interrater reliability, learning curve assessment, and cost-effectiveness analysis were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LiDAR measurements showed very good accuracy for sternal notch-to-nipple (rTEM 1.43%, 95% CI: 1.21-1.65) and nipple-to-midline (rTEM 2.83%, 95% CI: 3.12-3.78) distances. Nipple-to-inframammary fold measurements showed poor accuracy (rTEM 13.05%, 95% CI: 8.21-9.39). Interrater reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.92). Learning curve analysis demonstrated measurement stability after 5 cases. Cost analysis revealed 97.8% reduction in initial investment compared to commercial 3D imaging systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mobile LiDAR offers a cost-effective tool for breast surgery planning and documentation. While measurements like sternum-to-nipple and nipple-to-midline are highly accurate, the relatively poor accuracy of nipple-to-IMF highlights limitations with complex curves. As this technology continues to evolve, further improvements in accuracy are anticipated, expanding its role in clinical use.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: 4 (therapeutic): </strong></p>","PeriodicalId":7728,"journal":{"name":"Aesthetic Surgery Journal","volume":" ","pages":"NP99-NP104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"3D Breast Scanning in Plastic Surgery Utilizing Free iPhone LiDAR Application: Evaluation, Potential, and Limitations.\",\"authors\":\"Ioannis Kyriazidis, Juan Enrique Berner, Karl Waked, Moustapha Hamdi\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/asj/sjae251\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Three-dimensional (3D) imaging enhances surgical planning and documentation in plastic surgery, but high costs limit accessibility. Mobile light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology offers a potential cost-effective alternative.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this research was to evaluate the accuracy and clinical utility of iPhone-based LiDAR scanning for breast measurements compared to traditional methods, and to establish standardized protocols for clinical implementation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective validation study, 25 consecutive patients (mean age: 44 years; range: 32-64 years; mean BMI: 23.2 kg/m2) undergoing breast procedures were evaluated with the \\\"3D Scanner App\\\" on the iPhone 15 Pro (Apple Inc., Cupertino, CA). Three standardized measurements (sternal notch-to-nipple, nipple-to-midline, nipple-to-inframammary fold) of LiDAR and manual techniques were compared. Technical error of measurement (TEM) and relative TEM (rTEM) were calculated. Interrater reliability, learning curve assessment, and cost-effectiveness analysis were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LiDAR measurements showed very good accuracy for sternal notch-to-nipple (rTEM 1.43%, 95% CI: 1.21-1.65) and nipple-to-midline (rTEM 2.83%, 95% CI: 3.12-3.78) distances. Nipple-to-inframammary fold measurements showed poor accuracy (rTEM 13.05%, 95% CI: 8.21-9.39). Interrater reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.92). Learning curve analysis demonstrated measurement stability after 5 cases. Cost analysis revealed 97.8% reduction in initial investment compared to commercial 3D imaging systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mobile LiDAR offers a cost-effective tool for breast surgery planning and documentation. While measurements like sternum-to-nipple and nipple-to-midline are highly accurate, the relatively poor accuracy of nipple-to-IMF highlights limitations with complex curves. As this technology continues to evolve, further improvements in accuracy are anticipated, expanding its role in clinical use.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: 4 (therapeutic): </strong></p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":7728,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Aesthetic Surgery Journal\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"NP99-NP104\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-03-17\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Aesthetic Surgery Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjae251\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"SURGERY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Aesthetic Surgery Journal","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjae251","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"SURGERY","Score":null,"Total":0}
3D Breast Scanning in Plastic Surgery Utilizing Free iPhone LiDAR Application: Evaluation, Potential, and Limitations.
Background: Three-dimensional (3D) imaging enhances surgical planning and documentation in plastic surgery, but high costs limit accessibility. Mobile light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology offers a potential cost-effective alternative.
Objectives: The objective of this research was to evaluate the accuracy and clinical utility of iPhone-based LiDAR scanning for breast measurements compared to traditional methods, and to establish standardized protocols for clinical implementation.
Methods: In this prospective validation study, 25 consecutive patients (mean age: 44 years; range: 32-64 years; mean BMI: 23.2 kg/m2) undergoing breast procedures were evaluated with the "3D Scanner App" on the iPhone 15 Pro (Apple Inc., Cupertino, CA). Three standardized measurements (sternal notch-to-nipple, nipple-to-midline, nipple-to-inframammary fold) of LiDAR and manual techniques were compared. Technical error of measurement (TEM) and relative TEM (rTEM) were calculated. Interrater reliability, learning curve assessment, and cost-effectiveness analysis were performed.
Results: LiDAR measurements showed very good accuracy for sternal notch-to-nipple (rTEM 1.43%, 95% CI: 1.21-1.65) and nipple-to-midline (rTEM 2.83%, 95% CI: 3.12-3.78) distances. Nipple-to-inframammary fold measurements showed poor accuracy (rTEM 13.05%, 95% CI: 8.21-9.39). Interrater reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.92). Learning curve analysis demonstrated measurement stability after 5 cases. Cost analysis revealed 97.8% reduction in initial investment compared to commercial 3D imaging systems.
Conclusions: Mobile LiDAR offers a cost-effective tool for breast surgery planning and documentation. While measurements like sternum-to-nipple and nipple-to-midline are highly accurate, the relatively poor accuracy of nipple-to-IMF highlights limitations with complex curves. As this technology continues to evolve, further improvements in accuracy are anticipated, expanding its role in clinical use.
期刊介绍：
Aesthetic Surgery Journal is a peer-reviewed international journal focusing on scientific developments and clinical techniques in aesthetic surgery. The official publication of The Aesthetic Society, ASJ is also the official English-language journal of many major international societies of plastic, aesthetic and reconstructive surgery representing South America, Central America, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. It is also the official journal of the British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons, the Canadian Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery and The Rhinoplasty Society.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
