Unraveling the diversity dynamics and network stability of alkaline phosphomonoesterase-producing bacteria in modulating maize yield

Phosphorus, as a nonrenewable resource, plays a crucial role in crop development and productivity. However, the extent to which straw amendments contribute to the dynamics of soil alkaline phosphomonoesterase (ALP)-producing bacterial community and functionality over an extended period remains elusive. Here, we conducted a 7-year long-term field experiment consisting of a no-fertilizer control, a chemical fertilizer treatment, and three straw (straw, straw combined with manure, and straw biochar) treatments. Our results indicated that straw amendments significantly improved the succession patterns of the ALP-producing bacterial diversity. Simultaneously, straw amendments significantly increased the network stability of the ALP-producing bacteria over time, as evidenced by higher network robustness, a higher ratio of negative to positive cohesion, and lower network vulnerability. High dynamic and stability of ALP-producing bacterial community generated high ALP activity which further increased soil Phosphorus (P) availability as well as maize productivity.