沙特阿拉伯利雅得成人哮喘患者接种推荐疫苗的覆盖率。

IF 1 Q3 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Cureus Pub Date : 2024-12-30 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI:10.7759/cureus.76620
Hamdan A Almishrafi, Abdulaziz A Alhaqbani, Waleed I Alshammari, Bader F Alqulaysh, Abdulrahman Y Alnasyan, Saleh A Alwadie, Mohammed A Almozini, Muaath A Alghamdi, Abdullah S Alhqyal, Nawaf Y Alhabi
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Our aim in this study is to estimate the coverage rate of influenza, pneumococcal, and COVID-19 vaccines in patients with asthma who follow up in Riyadh's second health cluster's primary care centers. Methods This cross-sectional descriptive study design assessed the coverage rate of recommended vaccinations among patients with asthma. We adhered to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines when reporting the results. Data on patients with asthma was collected from the electronic health records of patients with asthma in Raqeem, a national governmental primary care center electronic health record. Vaccination data were collected from national vaccination records in Seha. Prescribed medications were collected from Wasfaty, a platform for primary care prescriptions. Results Overall, 2,689 records of patients with asthma were collected, with 1,441 (53.59%) being males. The median age was 37 years (IQR = 20). Of the patients, 2,273 (84.53%) were Saudi, and 502 (18.67%) received the 2023-2024 influenza vaccine. Only seven (0.26%) patients received the pneumococcal vaccine, while 2,502 (93.05%) patients received any of the COVID-19 vaccines. Patients vaccinated for influenza were significantly older than unvaccinated patients (p < 0.05). Patients prescribed high-dose corticosteroids in the six months prior to the start of the season were significantly more likely to be vaccinated than patients without prescription (p < 0.05). Conclusion This study underscores systemic barriers to achieving optimal immunization rates and highlights significant gaps in understanding among patients and healthcare providers. These findings emphasize the need for targeted public health measures, including improved documentation, enhanced education, and stronger recommendations from healthcare professionals during routine asthma management visits. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

利雅得20-44岁沙特成年人的哮喘患病率很高,有11.3%的人报告经医生诊断患有哮喘,超过大多数使用类似方法的国家。在亚齐尔省,估计有五分之一的成年人患有哮喘。哮喘患者因流感、肺炎球菌和COVID-19感染而发病和死亡的风险更高。在沙特阿拉伯,建议哮喘患者接种的疫苗包括每年接种流感、肺炎球菌和COVID-19疫苗。本研究的目的是估计在利雅得第二卫生集群初级保健中心随访的哮喘患者中流感、肺炎球菌和COVID-19疫苗的覆盖率。方法采用横断面描述性研究设计,评估哮喘患者推荐接种疫苗的覆盖率。我们在报告结果时遵循加强流行病学观察性研究报告(STROBE)指南。哮喘患者的数据收集自Raqeem哮喘患者的电子健康记录,这是一个国家政府初级保健中心的电子健康记录。疫苗接种数据收集自Seha的国家疫苗接种记录。从初级保健处方平台Wasfaty收集处方药。结果共收集哮喘患者病历2689例,其中男性1441例,占53.59%。中位年龄37岁(IQR = 20)。其中2273例(84.53%)来自沙特,502例(18.67%)接种了2023-2024年流感疫苗。只有7名(0.26%)患者接种了肺炎球菌疫苗,而2502名(93.05%)患者接种了COVID-19疫苗。接种流感疫苗的患者年龄明显大于未接种流感疫苗的患者(p < 0.05)。在流感季节开始前6个月服用高剂量皮质类固醇的患者接种疫苗的可能性明显高于未服用处方的患者(p < 0.05)。结论:本研究强调了实现最佳免疫接种率的系统性障碍,并强调了患者和医疗保健提供者在理解方面的重大差距。这些发现强调了有针对性的公共卫生措施的必要性,包括改进文件,加强教育,以及在常规哮喘管理就诊时卫生保健专业人员提出更强有力的建议。卫生保健机构的协调努力,如将提醒整合到电子卫生系统、公共卫生倡议和对疫苗接种挑战的进一步研究,对于提高这一脆弱人群的疫苗接种率至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Coverage of Recommended Vaccination Among Adult Patients With Asthma in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Asthma prevalence among Saudi adults aged 20-44 years in Riyadh is high, with 11.3% reporting physician-diagnosed asthma, exceeding rates in most countries using similar methods. In Aseer province, one out of five adults is estimated to have asthma. Patients with asthma are at higher risk of morbidity and mortality from influenza, pneumococcal, and COVID-19 infections. In Saudi Arabia, the recommended vaccinations for patients with asthma include annual influenza, pneumococcal, and COVID-19 vaccination. Our aim in this study is to estimate the coverage rate of influenza, pneumococcal, and COVID-19 vaccines in patients with asthma who follow up in Riyadh's second health cluster's primary care centers. Methods This cross-sectional descriptive study design assessed the coverage rate of recommended vaccinations among patients with asthma. We adhered to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines when reporting the results. Data on patients with asthma was collected from the electronic health records of patients with asthma in Raqeem, a national governmental primary care center electronic health record. Vaccination data were collected from national vaccination records in Seha. Prescribed medications were collected from Wasfaty, a platform for primary care prescriptions. Results Overall, 2,689 records of patients with asthma were collected, with 1,441 (53.59%) being males. The median age was 37 years (IQR = 20). Of the patients, 2,273 (84.53%) were Saudi, and 502 (18.67%) received the 2023-2024 influenza vaccine. Only seven (0.26%) patients received the pneumococcal vaccine, while 2,502 (93.05%) patients received any of the COVID-19 vaccines. Patients vaccinated for influenza were significantly older than unvaccinated patients (p < 0.05). Patients prescribed high-dose corticosteroids in the six months prior to the start of the season were significantly more likely to be vaccinated than patients without prescription (p < 0.05). Conclusion This study underscores systemic barriers to achieving optimal immunization rates and highlights significant gaps in understanding among patients and healthcare providers. These findings emphasize the need for targeted public health measures, including improved documentation, enhanced education, and stronger recommendations from healthcare professionals during routine asthma management visits. Coordinated efforts by healthcare institutions, such as integrating reminders into electronic health systems, public health initiatives, and further research on vaccination challenges, are vital to increasing vaccination rates in this vulnerable population.

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