微藻-细菌联合体对二级污水中三甲氧苄啶和磺胺甲噁唑的生物降解。

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

International journal of hygiene and environmental health Pub Date : 2024-12-25 DOI:10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114517

Daniel Aparecido da Silva Rodrigues , Camila Cristina Rodrigues Ferreira da Cunha , Andressa Rezende Pereira , Daiana Rocha do Espírito Santo , Silvana de Queiroz Silva , Maria Clara Vieira Martins Starling , Aníbal da Fonseca Santiago , Robson José de Cássia Franco Afonso

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引用次数: 0

摘要

甲氧苄啶（TMP）和磺胺甲恶唑（SMX）是抑菌剂，由于它们的协同作用，在感染治疗期间共同给药。一旦被消耗，TMP和SMX最终进入废水，并被引导到城市污水处理厂（WWTPs），而这些污水处理厂无法从城市污水中去除这些污染物。在环境中排放含有抗生素的污水处理厂污水是公共卫生的一个主要关切，因为它有助于抗菌素耐药性的传播。改善污水处理厂的处理是解决这一问题的措施之一。本研究采用低强度LED照射下培养的天然微藻-细菌联合体作为四元处理，评估了TMP单独（50 μg L-1）和SMX混合(TMP/SMX；各50 μg L-1)从厌氧处理系统的真实污水处理厂二次出水中提取。对磺胺抗性基因sul1的去除也进行了评价。这是第一个在没有营养物富集的情况下使用微藻-细菌联合体评估实际废水中单独去除TMP和与SMX相关的TMP的研究。进行7 d的生物降解实验，采用低温分配萃取（LTPE）、高效液相色谱-电喷雾电离串联质谱（HPLC-ESI-MS/MS）测定抗生素残留量，采用定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）测定sul1含量。结果表明，SMX的去除率（48.34%）高于TMP（24.58%）。两种抗生素浓度均为50 μg -1时，均未抑制微藻-细菌联合体的生长。7天后，sul1和16S rRNA的绝对丰度略有增加。这两种抗生素的主要去除机制可能是共生生物降解，生物吸附、生物积累和非生物因素非常低或不显著。虽然微藻-细菌联合体作为四级处理的应用似乎是一个很有前途的选择，但鼓励进一步研究提高降解率，以达到瑞士和欧洲指令要求的80%的全球去除率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

Biodegradation of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole in secondary effluent by microalgae-bacteria consortium

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Biodegradation of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole in secondary effluent by microalgae-bacteria consortium

Trimethoprim (TMP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) are bacteriostatic agents, which are co-administered to patients during infection treatment due to their synergetic effects. Once consumed, TMP and SMX end up in wastewater and are directed to municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) which fail to remove these contaminants from municipal wastewater. The discharge of WWTP effluents containing antibiotics in the environment is a major concern for public health as it contributes to the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Improving treatment applied in WWTPs is one of the measures to tackle this issue. In this study, a natural microalgae-bacteria consortium cultivated under low intensity LED irradiation was used as a quaternary treatment to assess the removal of TMP alone (50 μg L⁻¹) and also mixed with SMX (TMP/SMX; 50 μg L⁻¹ of each) from real WWTP secondary effluents from anaerobic treatment systems. The removal of the sulfonamide resistance gene, sul1, was also evaluated. This is the first study assessed the removal of TMP alone and TMP associated with SMX in real effluent using microalgae-bacteria consortium without nutrient enrichment. Biodegradation experiments were conducted for 7 days, residual amount of antibiotics were assessed by low-temperature partitioning extraction (LTPE) followed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) and sul1 was analyzed by quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). Results showed that SMX removal (48.34%) was higher than TMP (24.58%) in the mixture. The presence of both antibiotics at 50 μg L⁻¹ did not inhibit microalgae-bacteria consortium growth. After 7 days, there was a slight increase in the absolute abundance of sul1 and 16S rRNA. The main removal mechanism for both antibiotics might be attributed to symbiotic biodegradation as bioadsorption, bioaccumulation and abiotic factors were very low or insignificant. While the application of a microalgae-bacteria consortium as a quaternary treatment seems to be a promising alternative, further research to improve degradation rate aiming at a global removal >80% as required in the Swiss and European directives is encouraged.

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来源期刊

International journal of hygiene and environmental health 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

11.50

自引率

5.00%

发文量

151

审稿时长

22 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health serves as a multidisciplinary forum for original reports on exposure assessment and the reactions to and consequences of human exposure to the biological, chemical, and physical environment. Research reports, short communications, reviews, scientific comments, technical notes, and editorials will be peer-reviewed before acceptance for publication. Priority will be given to articles on epidemiological aspects of environmental toxicology, health risk assessments, susceptible (sub) populations, sanitation and clean water, human biomonitoring, environmental medicine, and public health aspects of exposure-related outcomes.