Probiotic supplement for the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is one of the major prevalent causes of infertility reported worldwide nearly 6–26 %, especially in girls hitting puberty and women at their childbearing age. The main clinical manifestations include irregular menstrual cycle, small cysts on one or both ovaries, chronic oligo-anovulation, and hirsutism. The etiological criteria are very complex and related to many factors like obesity, insulin sensitivity, inflammation, hyperandrogenism, diabetes mellitus type II, cardiovascular diseases, and dysbiosis of gut microbiota. The given review focuses on managing PCOS through probiotics by analyzing the effects on the symptoms of the disease. The probiotics effective in treating PCOS belong to Bifidobacterium, Lactobacilli, Clostridium, Enterococcus, and other Lactic acid bacteria. Its significance in PCOS is mainly due to the antagonizing of the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, increasing intestinal mucus layer production, reducing intestinal permeability, and modulating the gastrointestinal immune system. Also, their interaction with certain hormones such as insulin, androgen, and estrogen through short-chain fatty acids influences fertility. More research is necessary to validate these results. Probiotic supplements could be a viable option for treating PCOS in adults.