2018年至2021年澳大利亚昆士兰州呼吸道病原体趋势：一项全州范围的队列研究，在COVID-19首次爆发前后。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Archives of Medical Research Pub Date : 2024-12-22 DOI:10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103144

Amy L. Sweeny , John Gerrard , Kylie Alcorn , Gary Grant , Ya-Ling Huang , Benjamin Gerhardy , Gerben Keijzers , COVERED-COVID study research investigators

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：SARS-CoV-2大流行和随之而来的公共卫生措施破坏了呼吸道病毒病原体的正常传播。人们对其对细菌病原体的影响知之甚少。目的：评估公共卫生限制对常见呼吸道病原体(流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）和以下细菌病原体：肺炎链球菌（S. pneumoniae）、肺炎克雷伯菌（K. pneumoniae）、铜绿假单胞菌（P. aeruginosa）和金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）的影响。方法：这项全州队列研究使用了2018年1月至2021年6月期间收集的澳大利亚昆士兰州237家卫生机构的呼吸标本结果数据。在大流行前（2018/2019年）、大流行早期限制（2020年）和放松限制（2021年）期间，比较了11-27周（95%置信区间）的趋势和每100次检测/培养的每周阳性率。结果：分析了超过26万个病毒pcr和18万个培养物。到2020年，流感和RSV病例分别从每100次检测10.8例降至1.1例和9.5例降至2.5例；肺炎链球菌从每100个培养1.7个下降到1.1个。直到研究期结束，流感水平仍然很低。每100个培养物中金黄色葡萄球菌或铜绿假单胞菌的检出率没有变化，但肺炎克雷伯菌阳性培养物从2018/2019年的1.2增加到2020年的1.8和2021年的1.6。限制放宽后，呼吸道合胞病毒发病率上升到比大流行前更高的水平。结论：在2019冠状病毒病大流行实施公共卫生限制后，飞沫传播病原体的传播有所下降。肺炎克雷伯菌的增加通常与医院感染有关，值得进一步调查。

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Respiratory pathogen trends in queensland, australia between 2018 and 2021: A statewide cohort study before and after the initial COVID-19 outbreak

Background

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and accompanying public health measures disrupted the normal transmission of respiratory viral pathogens. Less is known about the effects on bacterial pathogens.

Aims

To assess the impact of public health restrictions on common respiratory pathogens (influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and the following bacterial pathogens: Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).

Methods

This statewide cohort study used respiratory specimen result data from 237 health facilities in Queensland, Australia, collected between January 2018 and June 2021. Trends and weekly positive rates per 100 tests/cultures for weeks 11–27 (with 95% confidence intervals) were compared between pre-pandemic (2018/2019), early pandemic restrictions (2020), and easing of restrictions (2021) periods.

Results

Over 260,000 viral PCRs and 180,000 cultures were analyzed. Decreases in influenza and RSV were observed in 2020 from 10.8 to 1.1 and 9.5 to 2.5 per 100 tests, respectively; S. pneumoniae decreased from 1.7 to 1.1 per 100 cultures. Influenza levels remained low until the end of the study period. There was no change in the detection of S. aureus or P. aeruginosa per 100 cultures, but cultures positive for K. pneumoniae increased from 1.2 in 2018/2019 to 1.8 in 2020 and 1.6 in 2021. After restrictions eased, RSV rates increased to levels higher than before the pandemic.

Conclusions

Transmission of droplet-spread pathogens decreased after the introduction of public health restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The increase in K. pneumoniae, often associated with nosocomial infections, warrants further investigation.

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来源期刊

Archives of Medical Research 医学-医学：研究与实验

CiteScore

12.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

28 days

期刊介绍： Archives of Medical Research serves as a platform for publishing original peer-reviewed medical research, aiming to bridge gaps created by medical specialization. The journal covers three main categories - biomedical, clinical, and epidemiological contributions, along with review articles and preliminary communications. With an international scope, it presents the study of diseases from diverse perspectives, offering the medical community original investigations ranging from molecular biology to clinical epidemiology in a single publication.