Two-dimensional parametric investigation of zinc-air fuel cell with flowing electrolyte by numerical method

Parametric investigation ensures the optimal design and commercialization of high-quality products. This study employs numerical approach to evaluate the performance of a zinc-air fuel cell, focusing on the influence of design and operational parameters. A transient two-dimensional (2D) mathematical model, incorporating the effect of flowing potassium hydroxide (KOH) electrolyte is developed and verified against experimental data, which has not been widely reported. The study examines four key parameters including anode size, electrolyte inlet velocity, concentration of hydroxide ions (OH^-) and zincate ions (Zn(OH)₄^2-), which significantly impact the current density distribution, temperature variation, zinc oxide (ZnO) formation and potential gradient within the cell. Unlike earlier studies focusing on 0D and 1D models, this 2D model integrates fluid motion dynamics of the flowing electrolyte and is considered non-isothermal, providing a closer approximation to practical applications. With detailed spatial consideration, the proposed model is able to predict the complex phenomena inside the cell more accurately and reliably. The outcome of this work further facilitates the development, optimization and commercialization of this potential zinc-air fuel cell product.