Nur Rahadiani, Marini Stephanie, Amelia Fossetta Manatar, Ening Krisnuhoni
{"title":"过去十年胃肠道癌症液体活检中 cfDNA 和 ctDNA 的诊断效用。","authors":"Nur Rahadiani, Marini Stephanie, Amelia Fossetta Manatar, Ening Krisnuhoni","doi":"10.1159/000543030","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a fragmented DNA that is released into the blood through necrosis, apoptosis, phagocytosis, or active secretion. cfDNA includes a subclass called circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) released from cancer cells and constitutes a varied proportion of the total cfDNA. Both cfDNA and ctDNA hold significant potential as diagnostic biomarkers in gastrointestinal cancers.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>cfDNA and ctDNA are promising diagnostic biomarkers for gastrointestinal cancers with varied diagnostic values in different types of cancers. cfDNA offers higher sensitivity that makes it more suitable for screening methods and constant monitoring, particularly in integration with conventional biomarkers or in a multimarker model. On the contrary, ctDNA gives a real-time picture of tumor genetics and is more suitable for definitive diagnosis due to its specificity for tumor-associated alterations. Different types of samples and methods of detection can influence sensitivity, and the amount of cfDNA is higher in serum but plasma is used for cfDNA analysis because it contains less cellular contamination. In summary, cfDNA is more sensitive than ctDNA, although they have comparable or slightly lower specificity.</p><p><strong>Key message: </strong>Further studies are needed to create common guidelines, minimize the cost of analysis, and perform extensive clinical trials to demonstrate the utility of circulating cfDNA and ctDNA in the vast majority of Gastrointestinal cancer stages. Therefore, with the advancement in these technologies, cfDNA and ctDNA will be highly beneficial and evolve cancer diagnostics and therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19543,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The Diagnostic Utility of cfDNA and ctDNA in Liquid Biopsies for Gastrointestinal Cancers Over the Last Decade.\",\"authors\":\"Nur Rahadiani, Marini Stephanie, Amelia Fossetta Manatar, Ening Krisnuhoni\",\"doi\":\"10.1159/000543030\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a fragmented DNA that is released into the blood through necrosis, apoptosis, phagocytosis, or active secretion. cfDNA includes a subclass called circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) released from cancer cells and constitutes a varied proportion of the total cfDNA. Both cfDNA and ctDNA hold significant potential as diagnostic biomarkers in gastrointestinal cancers.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>cfDNA and ctDNA are promising diagnostic biomarkers for gastrointestinal cancers with varied diagnostic values in different types of cancers. cfDNA offers higher sensitivity that makes it more suitable for screening methods and constant monitoring, particularly in integration with conventional biomarkers or in a multimarker model. On the contrary, ctDNA gives a real-time picture of tumor genetics and is more suitable for definitive diagnosis due to its specificity for tumor-associated alterations. Different types of samples and methods of detection can influence sensitivity, and the amount of cfDNA is higher in serum but plasma is used for cfDNA analysis because it contains less cellular contamination. In summary, cfDNA is more sensitive than ctDNA, although they have comparable or slightly lower specificity.</p><p><strong>Key message: </strong>Further studies are needed to create common guidelines, minimize the cost of analysis, and perform extensive clinical trials to demonstrate the utility of circulating cfDNA and ctDNA in the vast majority of Gastrointestinal cancer stages. Therefore, with the advancement in these technologies, cfDNA and ctDNA will be highly beneficial and evolve cancer diagnostics and therapy.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":19543,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Oncology Research and Treatment\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"1-23\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-12-16\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Oncology Research and Treatment\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543030\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ONCOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Oncology Research and Treatment","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543030","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
The Diagnostic Utility of cfDNA and ctDNA in Liquid Biopsies for Gastrointestinal Cancers Over the Last Decade.
Background: Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a fragmented DNA that is released into the blood through necrosis, apoptosis, phagocytosis, or active secretion. cfDNA includes a subclass called circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) released from cancer cells and constitutes a varied proportion of the total cfDNA. Both cfDNA and ctDNA hold significant potential as diagnostic biomarkers in gastrointestinal cancers.
Summary: cfDNA and ctDNA are promising diagnostic biomarkers for gastrointestinal cancers with varied diagnostic values in different types of cancers. cfDNA offers higher sensitivity that makes it more suitable for screening methods and constant monitoring, particularly in integration with conventional biomarkers or in a multimarker model. On the contrary, ctDNA gives a real-time picture of tumor genetics and is more suitable for definitive diagnosis due to its specificity for tumor-associated alterations. Different types of samples and methods of detection can influence sensitivity, and the amount of cfDNA is higher in serum but plasma is used for cfDNA analysis because it contains less cellular contamination. In summary, cfDNA is more sensitive than ctDNA, although they have comparable or slightly lower specificity.
Key message: Further studies are needed to create common guidelines, minimize the cost of analysis, and perform extensive clinical trials to demonstrate the utility of circulating cfDNA and ctDNA in the vast majority of Gastrointestinal cancer stages. Therefore, with the advancement in these technologies, cfDNA and ctDNA will be highly beneficial and evolve cancer diagnostics and therapy.
期刊介绍:
With the first issue in 2014, the journal ''Onkologie'' has changed its title to ''Oncology Research and Treatment''. By this change, publisher and editor set the scene for the further development of this interdisciplinary journal. The English title makes it clear that the articles are published in English – a logical step for the journal, which is listed in all relevant international databases. For excellent manuscripts, a ''Fast Track'' was introduced: The review is carried out within 2 weeks; after acceptance the papers are published online within 14 days and immediately released as ''Editor’s Choice'' to provide the authors with maximum visibility of their results. Interesting case reports are published in the section ''Novel Insights from Clinical Practice'' which clearly highlights the scientific advances which the report presents.