叶面喷施纳米氧化锌(ZnO)可改善铅(Pb)胁迫下生长的甘蓝(Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.)的生长、产量性状、渗透压、细胞活力和抗氧化系统。

Tina Singh, Peer Saffeullah, Shahid Umar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

重金属胁迫是植物面临的严重问题之一。铅(Pb)胁迫是农业领域普遍存在的胁迫因素之一。目前,纳米肥料正被用于减轻植物的重金属胁迫。本研究评估了氧化锌纳米颗粒(ZnONPs)在改善 Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.测试植物采用随机区组设计,在 Jamia Hamdard 药草园的花盆中种植,并用不同量的铅和纳米锌处理,即:对照(T0)、250 ppm(T0)、250 ppm(T0)和 250 ppm(T0)。对照(T0)、250 ppm ZnONPs(T1)、500 ppm ZnONPs(T2)、1000 ppm ZnONPs(T3)、250 μM Pb(T4)、500 μM Pb(T5)以及它们的组合,即250 μM Pb 和 500 ppm ZnONPs(T6)、500 μM Pb 和 500 ppm ZnONPs(T7)、250 μM Pb 和 1000 ppm ZnONPs(T8)以及 500 μM Pb 和 1000 ppm ZnONPs(T9)。使用共聚焦显微镜检测了植物在形态生理参数、产量性状、生化属性、抗氧化酶活性和细胞活力方面的变化。最大剂量的铅(500 μM)降低了形态和产量性状,如叶面积(-51%)、芽长(-17%)、根长(-34%)、每株种子数(-73%)、种子重量(-35%)、豆荚数(-47%)、芽和根鲜重(-63%和-56%)、与对照组相比,叶绿素总量(-12%)、类胡萝卜素(-38%)含量、硝酸还原酶活性(-64%)、可溶性蛋白质总量(-40%)、可溶性糖总量(-31%)和抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT 和 APX 分别为-14%、-4%、-15%)均有所下降。经铅处理的植株的总酚含量(89%)和总黄酮含量(478%)也有所提高,这起到了非酶抗氧化防御的作用。与对照组相比,叶面喷施 ZnONPs(1000 ppm)可有效改善铅诱导的胁迫,表现在根长(43%)、芽长(38%)、豆荚数(46%)、种子重量(70%)、每株种子数(105%)、叶绿素含量(41%)、类胡萝卜素含量(28%)、总可溶性蛋白质含量(20%)和硝酸还原酶活性(59%)的增加。与对照组相比,在含铅(250 μM)处理的植物中添加 ZnONPs(1000 ppm)后,抗氧化酶(SOD 和 CAT 增加了 83%,APX 增加了 75%)和胁迫标志物(如脯氨酸增加了 387%,总可溶性糖增加了 61%)均增加。共聚焦显微镜显示,ZnONPs 还能提高铅胁迫下的细胞活力。总之,叶面喷施 ZnONPs 被证明能有效减轻铅诱导的芥菜胁迫,这可能是减轻铅胁迫(500 μM)对芥菜植物有害影响的有效策略,从而实现芥菜在非生物胁迫下的可持续生产。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Foliar application of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles ameliorates growth, yield traits, osmolytes, cell viability, and antioxidant system of Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. grown in lead (Pb) stress.

Heavy metal stress is one of the exorbitant problems faced by plants. Lead (Pb) stress is one of the prevalent stressors in agricultural fields. Nanofertilizers are being currently employed for mitigating heavy metal stress in plants. This study assessed the suitability of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) in ameliorating Pb stress in Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. var. Pusa Jagannath. The tested plants were grown in pots using a randomized block design, placed in herbal garden of Jamia Hamdard and treated with different amounts of Pb and nanozinc viz. control (T0), 250 ppm ZnONPs (T1), 500 ppm ZnONPs (T2), 1000 ppm ZnONPs (T3), 250 μM Pb (T4), 500 μM Pb (T5), and their combinations i.e. 250 μM Pb and 500 ppm ZnONPs (T6), 500 μM Pb and 500 ppm ZnONPs (T7), 250 μM Pb and 1000 ppm ZnONPs (T8) and 500 μM Pb and 1000 ppm ZnONPs (T9). The plants were tested for variations in morpho-physiological parameters, yield traits, biochemical attributes, antioxidant enzyme activity, and cell viability using confocal microscopy. Maximum dose of Pb (500 μM) decreased morphological and yield traits such as leaf area (-51%), shoot length (-17%), root length (-34%), number of seeds per plant (-73%), weight of the seeds (-35%), pod number (-47%), shoot and root fresh weight by -63% and -56%, along with reduction in total chlorophyll (-12%), carotenoid (-38%) content, nitrate reductase (-64%) activity, total soluble protein (-40%), total soluble sugar (-31%) and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and APX by -14%, -4%, -15% respectively) in comparison to control. Stress markers like proline (195%) and MDA (266%) were elevated in Pb-treated plants.The increased level of total phenol content (89%) and total flavonoid content (478%) was also noted in Pb treated plants which acted as non-enzymatic antioxidant defense. The foliar application of ZnONPs (1000 ppm) was found to be effective in ameliorating Pb induced stress, as depicted by the increases in root length (43%), shoot length (38%), pod number (46%), seed weight (70%), number of seeds per plant (105%), chlorophyll content (41%), carotenoid content (28%), total soluble protein content (20%), and nitrate reductase activity (59%) in comparison to control. When ZnONPs (1000 ppm) was supplemented in Pb (250 μM) treated plants, antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT increased by 83%, and APX by 75%) and stress markers such as proline amplified by 387%, and total soluble sugar (61%), with respect to control. ZnONPs also improved the cell viability under Pb stress as revealed by confocal microscopy. In summary, foliar spray of ZnONPs proved effective in mitigating the Pb-induced stress in mustard which could be an effective strategy to alleviate the deleterious effects of Pb stress (500 μM) in mustard plants so as to realize its sustainable production under abiotic stress.

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