{"title":"COVID-19大流行期间中国医护人员体重和生活方式行为变化:3年回顾性调查","authors":"Xinyue Guo, Shaoqing Gong, Ying Chen, Xiaohui Hou, Tong Sun, Jianqiang Wen, Zhiyao Wang, Jingyang He, Xuezhu Sun, Sufang Wang, Zhixin Chen, Xue Feng, Xiangyang Tian","doi":"10.2196/50754","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Health care workers (HCWs) played a key role in preventing and controlling COVID-19. Higher infection risks and intensive work led to occupational burnout for many HCWs, which may affect their lifestyle behaviors and weight.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess HCWs' self-rated health status, overweight and obesity rates, lifestyle behaviors, and psychoemotional changes from 2019 to 2022 across China and to analyze the factors associated with changes from underweight or normal weight in 2019 to overweight or obese in 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, 100 health care institutions were randomly selected from 5 provinces or regions in China. All HCWs who worked in the institutions for at ≥3 years were invited to complete the electronic questionnaire and participate in the online survey from August 1, 2022, to August 31, 2022. Collected data included changes in lifestyle behaviors (dietary habits, physical activity, sleep quality, smoking, alcohol consumption), psychoemotional conditions (persistent stress or recurrent anxiety or depressed mood), health status, and chronic disease control from December 2019 to August 2022. Height and weight in 2019 and 2022 were retrieved from annual physical examination records. Overweight and obesity were defined as 24.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup>≤BMI<28.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (overweight) and BMI≥28.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (obesity). Chi square tests and ANOVAs were used to assess the associations between groups. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the factors associated with HCWs becoming overweight or obese from 2019 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The questionnaire was submitted by 23,234 HCWs. Of the underweight or normal weight HCWs in 2019, 12.67% (1486/23,234) became overweight or obese in 2022; this change was associated with the following factors: 34-43 years old (OR 0.843, 95% CI 0.740-0.960), 44-53 years old (OR 0.738, 95% CI 0.635-0.960), and 54-63 years old (OR 0.503, 95% CI 0.368-0.685; reference: 24-33 years old), reduction in or never or rarely engaging in physical activity (OR 1.201, 95% CI 1.055-1.368; reference: increase in physical activity; P=.006), increased appetite (OR 2.043, 95% CI 1.788-2.034; reference: reduction or no change in appetite; P<.001). From 2019 to 2022, 51.29% (11,917/23,234) of the respondents experienced increased persistent stress or recurrent anxiety or depressed mood; 44.38% (10,311/23,234) stayed up late more often. Increased persistent stress or recurrent anxiety or depressed mood was associated with physical activity (OR 0.421, 95% CI 0.398-0.447; P<.001) and appetite (OR 1.601, 95% CI 1.483-1.728; P<.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The pandemic was associated with overweight and obesity for HCWs due to changes in lifestyle behaviors, especially reduced physical activity and increased appetite related to increased persistent stress or recurrent anxiety or depressed mood caused by excessive workload. An integrated approach is needed to address overweight and obesity and lifestyle changes among HCWs by releasing negative psychoemotional conditions through workload reduction in future stressful events.</p>","PeriodicalId":51757,"journal":{"name":"Interactive Journal of Medical Research","volume":"13 ","pages":"e50754"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668995/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Weight and Lifestyle Behavior Changes in Chinese Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: 3-Year Retrospective Survey.\",\"authors\":\"Xinyue Guo, Shaoqing Gong, Ying Chen, Xiaohui Hou, Tong Sun, Jianqiang Wen, Zhiyao Wang, Jingyang He, Xuezhu Sun, Sufang Wang, Zhixin Chen, Xue Feng, Xiangyang Tian\",\"doi\":\"10.2196/50754\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Health care workers (HCWs) played a key role in preventing and controlling COVID-19. Higher infection risks and intensive work led to occupational burnout for many HCWs, which may affect their lifestyle behaviors and weight.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess HCWs' self-rated health status, overweight and obesity rates, lifestyle behaviors, and psychoemotional changes from 2019 to 2022 across China and to analyze the factors associated with changes from underweight or normal weight in 2019 to overweight or obese in 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, 100 health care institutions were randomly selected from 5 provinces or regions in China. All HCWs who worked in the institutions for at ≥3 years were invited to complete the electronic questionnaire and participate in the online survey from August 1, 2022, to August 31, 2022. Collected data included changes in lifestyle behaviors (dietary habits, physical activity, sleep quality, smoking, alcohol consumption), psychoemotional conditions (persistent stress or recurrent anxiety or depressed mood), health status, and chronic disease control from December 2019 to August 2022. Height and weight in 2019 and 2022 were retrieved from annual physical examination records. Overweight and obesity were defined as 24.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup>≤BMI<28.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (overweight) and BMI≥28.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (obesity). Chi square tests and ANOVAs were used to assess the associations between groups. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the factors associated with HCWs becoming overweight or obese from 2019 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The questionnaire was submitted by 23,234 HCWs. Of the underweight or normal weight HCWs in 2019, 12.67% (1486/23,234) became overweight or obese in 2022; this change was associated with the following factors: 34-43 years old (OR 0.843, 95% CI 0.740-0.960), 44-53 years old (OR 0.738, 95% CI 0.635-0.960), and 54-63 years old (OR 0.503, 95% CI 0.368-0.685; reference: 24-33 years old), reduction in or never or rarely engaging in physical activity (OR 1.201, 95% CI 1.055-1.368; reference: increase in physical activity; P=.006), increased appetite (OR 2.043, 95% CI 1.788-2.034; reference: reduction or no change in appetite; P<.001). From 2019 to 2022, 51.29% (11,917/23,234) of the respondents experienced increased persistent stress or recurrent anxiety or depressed mood; 44.38% (10,311/23,234) stayed up late more often. Increased persistent stress or recurrent anxiety or depressed mood was associated with physical activity (OR 0.421, 95% CI 0.398-0.447; P<.001) and appetite (OR 1.601, 95% CI 1.483-1.728; P<.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The pandemic was associated with overweight and obesity for HCWs due to changes in lifestyle behaviors, especially reduced physical activity and increased appetite related to increased persistent stress or recurrent anxiety or depressed mood caused by excessive workload. An integrated approach is needed to address overweight and obesity and lifestyle changes among HCWs by releasing negative psychoemotional conditions through workload reduction in future stressful events.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":51757,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Interactive Journal of Medical Research\",\"volume\":\"13 \",\"pages\":\"e50754\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-12-10\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668995/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Interactive Journal of Medical Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.2196/50754\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Interactive Journal of Medical Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2196/50754","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
背景:卫生保健工作者在预防和控制COVID-19中发挥着关键作用。较高的感染风险和高强度的工作导致许多医护人员职业倦怠,这可能影响他们的生活方式行为和体重。目的:本研究旨在评估2019 - 2022年全国健康工作者自评健康状况、超重和肥胖率、生活方式行为和心理情绪变化,并分析2019年体重过轻或正常到2022年体重超重或肥胖的相关因素。方法:采用回顾性研究方法,随机抽取全国5个省区的100家医疗卫生机构。于2022年8月1日至8月31日期间,邀请所有在该机构工作3年以上的医护人员填写电子问卷并参与在线调查。收集的数据包括2019年12月至2022年8月期间生活方式行为(饮食习惯、身体活动、睡眠质量、吸烟、饮酒)、心理情绪状况(持续压力或复发性焦虑或抑郁情绪)、健康状况和慢性疾病控制的变化。从年度体检记录中检索2019年和2022年的身高和体重。超重和肥胖定义为24.0 kg/m2≤BMI2(超重)和BMI≥28.0 kg/m2(肥胖)。卡方检验和方差分析用于评估组间的相关性。采用Logistic回归模型分析2019 - 2022年卫生保健工作者超重或肥胖的相关因素。结果:共收到问卷23234份。在2019年体重不足或体重正常的卫生保健员中,12.67%(1486/ 23234)在2022年超重或肥胖;这一变化与以下因素相关:34-43岁(OR 0.843, 95% CI 0.740-0.960)、44-53岁(OR 0.738, 95% CI 0.635-0.960)和54-63岁(OR 0.503, 95% CI 0.368-0.685;参考文献:24-33岁),减少或从不或很少从事体育活动(or 1.201, 95% CI 1.055-1.368;参考:增加体力活动;P= 0.006),食欲增加(OR 2.043, 95% CI 1.788-2.034;参考:食欲减少或无变化;结论:由于生活方式行为的改变,大流行与卫生保健工作者的超重和肥胖有关,特别是体力活动减少和食欲增加,这与过度工作量引起的持续压力增加或复发性焦虑或抑郁情绪有关。需要采取综合方法,通过减少未来压力事件的工作量来释放消极的心理情绪状况,解决卫生保健工作者中的超重和肥胖问题,并改变生活方式。
Weight and Lifestyle Behavior Changes in Chinese Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: 3-Year Retrospective Survey.
Background: Health care workers (HCWs) played a key role in preventing and controlling COVID-19. Higher infection risks and intensive work led to occupational burnout for many HCWs, which may affect their lifestyle behaviors and weight.
Objective: This study aimed to assess HCWs' self-rated health status, overweight and obesity rates, lifestyle behaviors, and psychoemotional changes from 2019 to 2022 across China and to analyze the factors associated with changes from underweight or normal weight in 2019 to overweight or obese in 2022.
Methods: In this retrospective study, 100 health care institutions were randomly selected from 5 provinces or regions in China. All HCWs who worked in the institutions for at ≥3 years were invited to complete the electronic questionnaire and participate in the online survey from August 1, 2022, to August 31, 2022. Collected data included changes in lifestyle behaviors (dietary habits, physical activity, sleep quality, smoking, alcohol consumption), psychoemotional conditions (persistent stress or recurrent anxiety or depressed mood), health status, and chronic disease control from December 2019 to August 2022. Height and weight in 2019 and 2022 were retrieved from annual physical examination records. Overweight and obesity were defined as 24.0 kg/m2≤BMI<28.0 kg/m2 (overweight) and BMI≥28.0 kg/m2 (obesity). Chi square tests and ANOVAs were used to assess the associations between groups. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the factors associated with HCWs becoming overweight or obese from 2019 to 2022.
Results: The questionnaire was submitted by 23,234 HCWs. Of the underweight or normal weight HCWs in 2019, 12.67% (1486/23,234) became overweight or obese in 2022; this change was associated with the following factors: 34-43 years old (OR 0.843, 95% CI 0.740-0.960), 44-53 years old (OR 0.738, 95% CI 0.635-0.960), and 54-63 years old (OR 0.503, 95% CI 0.368-0.685; reference: 24-33 years old), reduction in or never or rarely engaging in physical activity (OR 1.201, 95% CI 1.055-1.368; reference: increase in physical activity; P=.006), increased appetite (OR 2.043, 95% CI 1.788-2.034; reference: reduction or no change in appetite; P<.001). From 2019 to 2022, 51.29% (11,917/23,234) of the respondents experienced increased persistent stress or recurrent anxiety or depressed mood; 44.38% (10,311/23,234) stayed up late more often. Increased persistent stress or recurrent anxiety or depressed mood was associated with physical activity (OR 0.421, 95% CI 0.398-0.447; P<.001) and appetite (OR 1.601, 95% CI 1.483-1.728; P<.001).
Conclusions: The pandemic was associated with overweight and obesity for HCWs due to changes in lifestyle behaviors, especially reduced physical activity and increased appetite related to increased persistent stress or recurrent anxiety or depressed mood caused by excessive workload. An integrated approach is needed to address overweight and obesity and lifestyle changes among HCWs by releasing negative psychoemotional conditions through workload reduction in future stressful events.