Estimating the Disability-Adjusted Life-Years (DALYs) of Five Most Prevalent Cancers in the Elderly in Markazi Province, Iran, 2019.

Background: Cancer is one of the diseases affecting the elderly and can lead to loss of life years. The skin, breast, gastric, colorectal, and lung cancers are five prevalent cancers in the elderly. The present study was conducted to evaluate the incidence and burden of these cancers in the elderly.

Methods: This secondary study was conducted on available extracted data from the population-based cancer registry in Markazi province in 2019. The data of all cases older than 60 years that lived more than six months in Markazi province were extracted. Collecting information involves gathering data on cancer incidence and death rates based on age and sex groups, as well as overall mortality rates. This also includes survival rates, recovery rates for cancer patients, and disability attributed to cancer using the global burden of disease (GBD) standard table from various sources. Various data, including the latest death registration report and the latest cancer registration report for 2019 and the Iran Statistics Center, were obtained. In order to check and analyze the data, Excel and DISMOD2 software were used. In order to analyze the data, formulas for calculating the burden of diseases (DALY=YLL+YLD) were used. For the validity and reliability of the data, the method of preventing the registration of impossible codes and useless codes was used.

Results: The incidence rate of skin, breast, gastric, colorectal, and lung cancers in elderly women was 52.87, 59.02, 67.63, 47.95, and 20.90, respectively, per 100000. DALYs of these cancers in elderly women were 63.15, 423.86, 686.37, 366.49, and 385.18, respectively. The incidence rate of skin, gastric, colorectal, and lung cancers in elderly men was 100.84, 135.80, 49.74, and 68.57, respectively per 100000. DALYs of these cancers in elderly men were 342.31, 1117.01, 337.99, and 452.41, respectively. The highest YLL and YLD were related to gastric cancer (493.31/100,000) and breast cancer (220.84/100,000).

Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the incidence, mortality, and DALY of skin, breast, stomach, colorectal and lung cancers were higher in the elderly. In this study, the burden of some cancers such as breast, was lower compared to provinces such as Yazd.