特应性皮炎患者血清 IgE 水平的多中心分析。

IF 1 4区 医学 Q4 DERMATOLOGY
Indian Journal of Dermatology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-29 DOI:10.4103/ijd.ijd_151_24
Xin Yu, Linfeng Li
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的评估 154 名特应性皮炎(AD)患者对 20 种常见过敏原的总免疫球蛋白 E (IgE) 和过敏原特异性 IgE (sIgE) 的特征。评估临床食物过敏与食物过敏原 sIgE 阳性结果的相关性。我们进一步讨论了 IgE 作为反映 AD 疾病严重程度的潜在生物标记物的意义:方法:从2019年至2021年在中国全国15家医院共收集了154名AD患者。采用反向酶免疫捕获试验(REAST)检测血清IgE。要求患者至少有一次sIgE阳性(N≥0.35 IU/mL)。根据性别、年龄、疾病严重程度和地区将患者分为几组。统计分析采用 SPSS 26.0 软件:与青少年和成人相比,婴幼儿AD对食物过敏原(包括鸡蛋、牛奶和小麦)的sIgE阳性频率明显更高(P < 0.01)。然而,青少年和成人 AD 对吸入过敏原、皮癣菌和屋尘螨的 sIgE 呈阳性的频率明显更高。此外,不同性别的 sIgE 也有所不同。与女性相比,男性对小麦、嗜皮虫和屋尘螨的过敏原特异性 IgE 呈阳性的频率更高。sIgE水平升高的最常见食物过敏原是鸡蛋(71%)、牛奶(39%)和小麦(32%)。然而,AD 患者称海鲜(包括螃蟹、虾和鱼)是最常见的食物过敏原,在日常生活中会加重病情。只有 18 名(12%)患者表示临床实践与食物过敏原 IgE 阳性结果有明确的相关性。在 154 名 sIgE 阳性患者中,有 99 名患者的总 IgE 增高(≥60 IU/ml)。轻度(193 ± 239 IU/ml)、中度(170 ± 202 IU/ml)和重度(375 ± 343 IU/ml)AD 患者的总 IgE(tIgE)水平有显著差异(P < 0.01)。伴有过敏性疾病的AD患者的tIgE水平明显高于不伴有过敏症状的患者(280 ± 286 IU/mL vs 194 ± 248 IU/mL):结论:sIgE 和 tIgE 水平都不能用于评估 AD 的病情或严重程度。伴有过敏性疾病的 AD 患者的 tIgE 水平明显高于不伴有过敏症状的患者。婴幼儿 AD 患者对食物更过敏,而青少年和成人则对环境抗原更过敏。必须结合临床病史来解释 IgE 检测结果,以避免不必要的食物回避。及早向婴儿介绍食物过敏原可能有助于预防食物过敏。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Multi-centre Analysis of Serum IgE Levels in Atopic Dermatitis.

Objective: To assess the characteristics of total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) to 20 common allergens in 154 patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). To assess the correlation of clinical food allergy with positive food allergens' sIgE results. We further discuss the significance of IgE as a potential biomarker for AD disease severity.

Methods: A total of 154 AD patients were collected from 15 hospitals nationwide in China from 2019 to 2021. Serum IgE was measured using reverse-enzyme immuno capture test (REAST). Patients were required to have at least one positive sIgE (N ≥ 0.35 IU/mL). Patients were divided into groups according to gender, age, disease severity, and region. SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis.

Results: Compared with adolescent and adult, AD in infancy and childhood showed significantly higher frequencies of positive sIgE to food allergens, including egg, cow milk, and wheat (P < 0.01). However, adolescent and adult AD showed significantly higher frequencies of positive sIgE to inhaled allergens, dermatophagoides farinae, and house dust mite. In addition, sIgE in different sexes were different. Compared with women, men showed higher frequencies of positive allergen-specific IgE level to wheat, dermatophagoides farinae, and house dust mite. The most common food allergens with elevated sIgE levels were egg (71%), cow milk (39%) and wheat (32%). However, AD patients reported seafood, including crab, shrimp, and fish, as the most frequent food allergens which aggravate their disease in their daily life. Only 18 (12%) patients reported definite correlation of clinical practice with positive food allergens' IgE results. Among 154 sIgE-positive patients, 99 patients had an increase of total IgE (≥60 IU/ml). TotalIgE (tIgE) levels were significantly different between mild (193 ± 239 IU/mL), moderate (170 ± 202 IU/mL), and severe (375 ± 343 IU/mL) forms of AD patients (P < 0.01). AD patients with accompanied allergic diseases showed significantly higher tIgE levels than those without accompanied allergic symptoms (280 ± 286 IU/mL vs 194 ± 248 IU/mL).

Conclusion: Neither sIgE nor tIgE levels can be used to evaluate the condition or severity of AD. AD patients with accompanied allergic diseases showed significantly higher tIgE levels than those without accompanied allergic symptoms. Infantile AD patients are more allergic to food, while adolescents and adults are more allergic to environmental antigens. IgE tests must be interpreted by combining with clinical history to avoid unnecessary food avoidance. Early food allergen introduction for infants may be promising for the prevention of food allergies.

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来源期刊
Indian Journal of Dermatology
Indian Journal of Dermatology Medicine-Dermatology
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
217
审稿时长
47 weeks
期刊介绍: The journal publishes information related to skin-pathology and different modes of therapeutics, including dermatosurgery and cosmetic dermatology. Likewise, it carries articles on leprosy, STI and HIV/AIDS. The editorial board encourages the authors to publish articles addressing emerging techniques and developments in the subject specialty, in the form of Original investigations, Narrative and Systematic Reviews as well as Case Reports. The journal aims at publishing Editorials and Commentaries from eminent personalities on a regular basis.
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