Sex-Based Differences in the Associations Between Obesity- and Lipid-Related Indexes and Hyperuricemia Risk in Patients with Obesity.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association of the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and its related parameters with the risk of hyperuricemia in patients with obesity of different sexes.

Patients and methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 951 patients with obesity were included. They were divided into two groups based on their serum uric acid levels, and separate analyses were conducted for males and females. Binary logistic regression analysis using the backward likelihood ratio (LR) approach was performed to investigate the association between hyperuricemia and indicators related to obesity and lipids.

Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that, across the overall population, higher quartiles of the TyG and TyG-BMI indexes were significantly associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia (HUA) after adjusting for confounding factors. Specifically, in the fourth quartile of the TyG index, the odds ratio (OR) for HUA was 3.16 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.39-7.18), and for the TyG-BMI index, the OR was 4.06 (95% CI: 1.73-9.52) in the fully adjusted model. In sex-specific analyses, for males, those in the third quartile of the TyG-WC index had a higher likelihood of HUA (OR, 8.13; 95% CI, 2.28-29.01) compared to the lowest quartile. Among females, an elevated TyG index was significantly associated with increased HUA risk, with an OR of 5.13 (95% CI: 1.66-15.92) in the fourth quartile.

Conclusion: Sex-based differences exist regarding the risk factors for hyperuricemia in patients with obesity. An elevated TyG-WC index is linked to an increased risk in males, while an elevated TyG index is associated with an increased risk in females.