Pimpinellin mitigates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by reducing inflammation and regulating gut microbiota.

Background: Pimpinellin is a phenylpropanoid compound involved in various physiological and pathological processes in the body. The specific impact of pimpinellin on ulcerative colitis (UC) remains uncertain. Research on pimpinellin by using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC model can lay the groundwork for future drug screening and various treatment approaches for UC.

Purpose and methods: This research focused on investigating the effects and mechanisms of pimpinellin on DSS-induced UC in mice.

Results: The findings indicated that pimpinellin mitigated DSS-induced shortening of the colon and intestinal barrier damage and notably lowered inflammatory cytokine levels. Mechanistic analysis revealed that pimpinellin boosted the protein expression of intestinal barrier proteins by inhibiting the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Additionally, pimpinellin enhanced the levels of beneficial gut probiotics (S24-7 and Lactobacillaceae) while reducing the presence of harmful bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae). Further studies indicated that administering 100 mg/kg pimpinellin could significantly alleviate UC by modulating the gut microbiota.

Conclusion: In summary, timely use of pimpinellin can alleviate DSS-induced UC by reducing inflammation, maintaining intestinal barrier integrity, and adjusting gut microbiota. This research broadens the potential pharmaceutical applications of pimpinellin.