土壤湿度在草莓炭腐病(由相思豆大型滋养霉菌引起)发病过程中的作用

IF 4.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Lindsey Pedroncelli, Andre Biscaro, Alexander I Putman
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引用次数: 0

摘要

炭腐病是由土传真菌 Macrophomina phaseolina 引起的,是影响加利福尼亚草莓(Fragaria ×ananassa)生产的最重要的经济病害之一。以前对非草莓寄主的研究表明,适当的土壤水分管理可以限制病原体在植物上的定殖,降低病害的严重程度。我们进行了两季田间和温室研究,目的是调查土壤水分在草莓炭腐病的病害发展和管理中的作用。使用张力计对蒙特雷(Monterey)和弗朗特拉斯(Fronteras)栽培品种的裸根移植植株进行接种或不接种,并将其保持在较高、最佳或较低的土壤湿度水平。种植后每 4 周从每个处理中随机选择植株取样检测病原体定植情况,所有植株在出现症状后每 2 周目测病害严重程度。在这两季中,与最佳土壤湿度相比,低土壤湿度显著增加了接种植株的炭疽病死亡率,分别增加了 16 和 24 个百分点。在第一季,高土壤湿度处理的死亡率明显低于最佳土壤湿度处理。在第一季,低土壤湿度会增加接种植株树冠的定殖率,但土壤湿度在研究的任何一年都不会影响根部的定殖率。在温室中,低土壤湿度处理的炭疽病严重程度最高。这些结果表明,土壤湿度对相思豆菌在草莓上的定植影响有限,保持最佳的土壤湿度有助于防止炭腐病死亡率过高。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Role of Soil Moisture in Disease Development of Charcoal Rot of Strawberries Caused by Macrophomina phaseolina.

Charcoal rot, caused by the soilborne fungus Macrophomina phaseolina, is one of the most economically important diseases affecting strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa) production in California. Previous studies on non-strawberry hosts have shown that proper soil moisture management can limit pathogen colonization of plants and decrease disease severity. We performed field and greenhouse studies for two seasons with the objective of investigating the role of soil moisture in disease development and management of charcoal rot of strawberries. Bare-root transplants of cultivars Monterey and Fronteras were inoculated or not inoculated and maintained at either a high, optimal, or low soil moisture level using tensiometers. Randomly selected plants from each treatment were sampled for pathogen colonization every 4 weeks after planting, and all plants were visually rated for disease severity every 2 weeks after symptom onset. In both seasons, low soil moisture significantly increased charcoal rot mortality among inoculated plants compared to optimal soil moisture by 16 and 24 percentage points, respectively. In the first season, mortality was significantly lower in the high compared to the optimal soil moisture treatment. Colonization of crowns was increased by low soil moisture among inoculated plants in the first season, but soil moisture did not influence root colonization in either year of the study. In the greenhouse, charcoal rot severity was highest in the low soil moisture treatment. These results indicate that soil moisture has a limited influence on colonization of strawberries by M. phaseolina and that maintaining optimal soil moisture can help prevent excess charcoal rot mortality.

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来源期刊
Plant disease
Plant disease 农林科学-植物科学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
13.30%
发文量
1993
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Plant Disease is the leading international journal for rapid reporting of research on new, emerging, and established plant diseases. The journal publishes papers that describe basic and applied research focusing on practical aspects of disease diagnosis, development, and management.
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